[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":506},["ShallowReactive",2],{"species_en:\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fsizaya-chaika":3,"alt-locale:species_en:\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fsizaya-chaika":177,"section-listing:species_en:\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy":178,"section-listing:disabled":473,"related-covers:en:\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy|\u002Fopredelitel|\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fozernaya-chaika":474,"section-listing:species_en:\u002Fvidy-ptic":479},{"id":4,"title":5,"body":6,"conservationStatus":127,"coverImage":128,"description":129,"diet":130,"extension":135,"family":136,"familySlug":137,"faq":138,"imagePrompt":148,"latinName":26,"meta":149,"navigation":150,"order":151,"pageType":152,"path":153,"publishedAt":154,"readingMinutes":155,"relatedLinks":156,"relatedSpecies":151,"season":169,"seo":170,"sitemap":173,"stem":174,"tags":151,"updatedAt":151,"wingspanCm":175,"__hash__":176},"species_en\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fsizaya-chaika.md","Common Gull",{"type":7,"value":8,"toc":118},"minimark",[9,14,32,39,43,50,61,65,72,75,79,90,101,105],[10,11,13],"h2",{"id":12},"appearance","Appearance",[15,16,17,18,22,23,27,28,31],"p",{},"The ",[19,20,21],"strong",{},"common gull"," (",[24,25,26],"em",{},"Larus canus",") is a medium-sized gull with a wingspan of ",[19,29,30],{},"110–130 cm"," and a body length of 40–46 cm, weighing between roughly 300 and 550 grams, noticeably larger than the black-headed gull but distinctly smaller and more lightly built than the herring gull. Adults show a clean white head and underparts, a pale grey back and upperwings, and black wingtips marked with clear white spots, visible both at rest and in flight.",[15,33,34,35,38],{},"Its bill is slim and plain ",[19,36,37],{},"yellow-green",", without the red spot present near the bill tip of several larger gull species, and its legs are a matching yellow-green to greenish-grey. Outside the breeding season the head becomes lightly streaked with grey-brown, giving a slightly smudged appearance that contrasts with the crisp white head of summer adults but remains distinct from the fully hooded look of the black-headed gull at any time of year.",[10,40,42],{"id":41},"range-and-habitat","Range and habitat",[15,44,45,46,49],{},"The common gull breeds across a broad northern range spanning Scandinavia, the Baltic region, and much of northern and central Russia through to the Far East, generally favoring lakes, rivers, coastal areas, and tundra or moorland pools further north. Across much of inland continental Europe and Russia south of its breeding range, however, the species is encountered mainly as a ",[19,47,48],{},"passage migrant"," rather than a breeding bird.",[15,51,52,53,56,57,60],{},"In these areas it is most visible during spring passage in ",[19,54,55],{},"April and May",", as birds move north and east toward breeding grounds, and again during autumn passage in ",[19,58,59],{},"September and October",", as birds return south and west toward milder wintering areas along ice-free coasts and larger inland waters, making it a bird most reliably looked for during these two seasonal windows.",[10,62,64],{"id":63},"behavior-and-lifestyle","Behavior and lifestyle",[15,66,67,68,71],{},"Common gulls are opportunistic feeders with a notably flexible diet, foraging on ",[19,69,70],{},"earthworms and other soil invertebrates"," in ploughed and wet fields, often walking steadily across open ground in loose flocks, sometimes alongside other gull and plover species disturbed food. On water, the species also readily takes small fish, either picked from the surface or captured with brief, shallow plunge-dives, along with aquatic and terrestrial insects.",[15,73,74],{},"Highly social, particularly outside the breeding season, common gulls often form sizeable mixed-species flocks at productive feeding sites such as harbors, refuse tips, and freshly ploughed farmland, and gather in communal roosts on open water or exposed shorelines overnight, a pattern shared broadly across many gull species in the family.",[10,76,78],{"id":77},"breeding","Breeding",[15,80,81,82,85,86,89],{},"Common gulls nest both colonially and in more scattered, loosely spaced pairs depending on local conditions, typically on the ground close to water, on small islands, or occasionally on elevated structures such as flat rooftops in some coastal towns. A typical clutch contains ",[19,83,84],{},"2 to 3 eggs",", incubated by both parents for around ",[19,87,88],{},"23 to 28 days",".",[15,91,92,93,96,97,100],{},"Chicks are ",[19,94,95],{},"semi-precocial",", mobile within the nest area from an early age but remaining dependent on both parents for food and protection for several weeks, fledging at around ",[19,98,99],{},"30 to 35 days",". As with many colonial gulls, nesting birds defend the immediate nest area vigorously against predators and intruders, contributing to a degree of collective protection within denser colonies.",[10,102,104],{"id":103},"interesting-facts","Interesting facts",[106,107,108,112,115],"ul",{},[109,110,111],"li",{},"Despite its English name, the common gull is not necessarily the most numerous gull species across all of its range, with the name instead reflecting its former familiarity rather than a claim about relative abundance compared with other gulls.",[109,113,114],{},"The species' habit of following tractors and gathering on freshly ploughed fields to feed on exposed earthworms is shared with several other gull species and is a reliable, easily observed foraging behavior during the agricultural season.",[109,116,117],{},"Common gull populations across parts of their range show some sensitivity to changes in coastal and wetland habitat, though the species overall remains widespread and classified as Least Concern.",{"title":119,"searchDepth":120,"depth":120,"links":121},"",2,[122,123,124,125,126],{"id":12,"depth":120,"text":13},{"id":41,"depth":120,"text":42},{"id":63,"depth":120,"text":64},{"id":77,"depth":120,"text":78},{"id":103,"depth":120,"text":104},"LC","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fsizaya-chaika.png","The common gull (Larus canus) is a medium-sized, clean-headed gull with a plain yellow-green bill, a familiar sight on rivers, lakes, and coasts mainly during spring and autumn passage.",[131,132,133,134],"Earthworms and soil invertebrates from wet or ploughed fields","Small fish, taken from the surface or by shallow plunge-diving","Aquatic and terrestrial insects","Food scraps and waste at harbors and refuse sites","md","Laridae (Gulls)","chaykovye",[139,142,145],{"q":140,"a":141},"How can you tell a common gull from a herring gull?","The common gull is noticeably smaller and daintier than the herring gull, with a slimmer, plain yellow-green bill lacking the herring gull's heavier build and the red spot near the bill tip, along with proportionally longer, more rounded wingtips showing large white spots — differences that become easier to judge with practice, especially when the two species are seen together at a mixed feeding or roosting site.",{"q":143,"a":144},"Why does 'common gull' see the species mainly during spring and autumn in some areas?","In much of inland Russia and continental Europe, the common gull functions primarily as a passage migrant, moving between separate breeding grounds further north or east and wintering areas further south or along milder coasts, so many inland sites see the species mostly as it passes through in spring and autumn rather than as a year-round or even summer-breeding resident.",{"q":146,"a":147},"What does the common gull eat away from the coast?","Inland, common gulls forage heavily on earthworms and other soil invertebrates exposed by ploughing or heavy rain, often following tractors across freshly turned fields in loose flocks alongside other gull species, a foraging strategy that supplements the fish and aquatic prey it also takes on rivers, lakes, and coastal waters.","Photorealistic wildlife photography, Larus canus common gull standing on a wet riverside mudflat, clean white head, pale grey back, plain yellow-green bill without red, black wingtips with white spots visible as the wings fold, sharp focus on the eye, soft-focus background of a slow-moving river with soft autumn light on distant reeds, overcast diffused daylight, shallow depth of field, telephoto lens compression, 16:9",{},true,null,"species","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fsizaya-chaika","13.07.2026",1,[157,161,165],{"label":158,"path":159,"description":160},"Species catalogue","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy","Browse all bird species covered in the atlas",{"label":162,"path":163,"description":164},"Bird identifier","\u002Fopredelitel","Identify a bird you've seen by color, size, beak shape, habitat, and season",{"label":166,"path":167,"description":168},"Black-headed gull","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fozernaya-chaika","A smaller relative often seen on the same waters","passage migrant, most visible in spring (April–May) and autumn (September–October)",{"title":171,"description":172},"Common Gull (Larus canus) — identification, range, diet","Common gull: a clean-headed gull with a plain yellow-green bill, seen mainly during spring and autumn passage. Identification, range, diet, and breeding.",{"loc":153},"vidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fsizaya-chaika","110–130","haHuEanCOU26fzysr9vLZneW7lvD4fsPQ6HKjK0XKVQ",{"ru":150,"es":150},[179,184,189,194,198,204,209,214,219,224,229,230,235,240,245,250,255,260,265,270,275,281,286,291,296,301,306,311,316,321,326,331,336,341,346,351,357,362,367,372,377,382,387,393,398,403,408,413,418,423,428,433,438,443,448,453,458,463,468],{"title":180,"description":181,"path":182,"coverImage":183,"publishedAt":154,"order":151},"Barn Swallow","The barn swallow (Hirundo rustica) is a sleek, deeply forked-tailed aerial hunter and one of the world's most celebrated long-distance migrants, nesting in barns and outbuildings across nearly the entire Northern Hemisphere.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fderevenskaya-lastochka","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fderevenskaya-lastochka.png",{"title":185,"description":186,"path":187,"coverImage":188,"publishedAt":154,"order":151},"Black Kite","The black kite (Milvus migrans) is one of the most abundant birds of prey on Earth, an adaptable scavenger easily recognized by its shallow forked tail and buoyant, twisting flight.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fcherny-korshun","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fcherny-korshun.png",{"title":190,"description":191,"path":192,"coverImage":193,"publishedAt":154,"order":151},"Black Woodpecker","The black woodpecker (Dryocopus martius) is Europe's largest woodpecker, an entirely black, crow-sized bird whose huge excavated cavities provide essential shelter for owls, martens, and many other forest animals.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fzhelna","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fzhelna.png",{"title":195,"description":196,"path":167,"coverImage":197,"publishedAt":154,"order":151},"Black-headed Gull","The black-headed gull (Chroicocephalus ridibundus) is Europe's most familiar small gull, easily identified by its chocolate-brown breeding hood and readily seen far from the coast on inland lakes and city parks.","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fozernaya-chaika.png",{"title":199,"description":200,"path":201,"coverImage":202,"publishedAt":203,"order":151},"Black-necked Grebe","The black-necked grebe (Podiceps nigricollis) is a small colonial-nesting grebe known for its striking golden ear-tufts, red eyes, and preference for breeding on shallow, gull-fringed lakes.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fchernosheyaya-poganka","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fchernosheyaya-poganka.png","14.08.2026",{"title":205,"description":206,"path":207,"coverImage":208,"publishedAt":154,"order":151},"Coal Tit","The coal tit (Periparus ater) is the smallest European tit, a conifer-forest specialist with a distinctive white nape patch and an intense drive to cache seeds against future shortages.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fmoskovka","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fmoskovka.png",{"title":210,"description":211,"path":212,"coverImage":213,"publishedAt":154,"order":151},"Common Blackbird","The common blackbird (Turdus merula) is one of Europe's most familiar garden birds, the glossy black male with his bright orange bill instantly recognizable, and his fluting dawn song among the most beautiful in Europe.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fcherny-drozd","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fcherny-drozd.png",{"title":215,"description":216,"path":217,"coverImage":218,"publishedAt":154,"order":151},"Common Buzzard","The common buzzard (Buteo buteo) is the most widespread bird of prey in Europe, a broad-winged soarer often seen circling over fields or perched on roadside posts.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fkanyuk-obyknovenny","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fkanyuk-obyknovenny.png",{"title":220,"description":221,"path":222,"coverImage":223,"publishedAt":154,"order":151},"Common Chaffinch","The common chaffinch (Fringilla coelebs) is one of the most abundant and widespread songbirds in Europe, the brightly colored male known for his cheerful, cascading spring song.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fzyablik","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fzyablik.png",{"title":225,"description":226,"path":227,"coverImage":228,"publishedAt":154,"order":151},"Common Cuckoo","The common cuckoo (Cuculus canorus) is a grey, hawk-like migrant famous for its instantly recognizable call and its remarkable brood-parasitic lifestyle, laying its eggs exclusively in the nests of other birds.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fobyknovennaya-kukushka","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fobyknovennaya-kukushka.png",{"title":5,"description":129,"path":153,"coverImage":128,"publishedAt":154,"order":151},{"title":231,"description":232,"path":233,"coverImage":234,"publishedAt":154,"order":151},"Common House Martin","The common house martin (Delichon urbicum) is a glossy blue-black aerial insect-hunter easily told from the barn swallow by its clean white rump, and famous for building enclosed mud nests under building eaves.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fgorodskaya-lastochka","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fgorodskaya-lastochka.png",{"title":236,"description":237,"path":238,"coverImage":239,"publishedAt":154,"order":151},"Common Kestrel","The common kestrel (Falco tinnunculus) is Europe's most familiar falcon, easily recognized by its habit of hovering motionless in the air while hunting voles over open ground.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fobyknovennaya-pustelga","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fobyknovennaya-pustelga.png",{"title":241,"description":242,"path":243,"coverImage":244,"publishedAt":154,"order":151},"Common Raven","The common raven (Corvus corax) is the largest member of the crow family and the largest of all songbirds, an immensely intelligent, all-black aerial acrobat found across the Northern Hemisphere.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fvoron","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fvoron.png",{"title":246,"description":247,"path":248,"coverImage":249,"publishedAt":154,"order":151},"Common Starling","The common starling (Sturnus vulgaris) is a glossy, iridescent songbird famous for its extraordinary vocal mimicry and for forming vast, swirling winter flocks known as murmurations.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fobyknovenny-skvorets","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fobyknovenny-skvorets.png",{"title":251,"description":252,"path":253,"coverImage":254,"publishedAt":154,"order":151},"Common Swift","The common swift (Apus apus) is a scythe-winged aerial specialist that spends almost its entire life airborne, feeding, sleeping, and even mating on the wing, only landing to nest.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fcherny-strizh","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fcherny-strizh.png",{"title":256,"description":257,"path":258,"coverImage":259,"publishedAt":154,"order":151},"Common Wood Pigeon","The common wood pigeon (Columba palumbus) is Europe's largest and most widespread pigeon, easily told from the smaller rock dove by its white neck patch and heavier, more powerful build.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fvyakhir","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fvyakhir.png",{"title":261,"description":262,"path":263,"coverImage":264,"publishedAt":154,"order":151},"Eurasian Blackcap","The Eurasian blackcap (Sylvia atricapilla) is a plain grey-brown warbler with a neat black or chestnut cap, prized for a rich, fluting song and famous for rapidly evolving a brand-new migration route within living memory.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fslavka-chernogolovka","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fslavka-chernogolovka.png",{"title":266,"description":267,"path":268,"coverImage":269,"publishedAt":154,"order":151},"Eurasian Blue Tit","The Eurasian blue tit (Cyanistes caeruleus) is a small, acrobatic garden favorite with a vivid blue cap and yellow underparts, whose breeding timing is so tightly tuned to caterpillar abundance it has become a classic model for studying climate change.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Flazorevka","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Flazorevka.png",{"title":271,"description":272,"path":273,"coverImage":274,"publishedAt":154,"order":151},"Eurasian Bullfinch","The Eurasian bullfinch (Pyrrhula pyrrhula) is a stocky, shy finch whose male's vivid rose-pink underparts make it one of the most striking winter garden visitors across much of Europe and Russia.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fsnegir","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fsnegir.png",{"title":276,"description":277,"path":278,"coverImage":279,"publishedAt":280,"order":151},"Eurasian Coot","The Eurasian coot (Fulica atra) is a bold, aggressively territorial waterbird, recognized by its all-black plumage and bright white bill and frontal shield.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Flysukha","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Flysukha.png","19.08.2026",{"title":282,"description":283,"path":284,"coverImage":285,"publishedAt":154,"order":151},"Eurasian Eagle-Owl","The Eurasian eagle-owl (Bubo bubo) is one of the largest owls in the world, a powerful nocturnal predator of cliffs and forests capable of taking prey as large as foxes and other raptors.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Ffilin","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Ffilin.png",{"title":287,"description":288,"path":289,"coverImage":290,"publishedAt":154,"order":151},"Eurasian Golden Oriole","The Eurasian golden oriole (Oriolus oriolus) is one of the most brilliantly colored songbirds in Europe, yet its shy, canopy-dwelling habits mean it is far more often heard than seen.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fivolga","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fivolga.png",{"title":292,"description":293,"path":294,"coverImage":295,"publishedAt":154,"order":151},"Eurasian Hoopoe","The Eurasian hoopoe (Upupa epops) is one of the most unmistakable birds in its range, a pinkish-orange bird with bold black-and-white striped wings and a tall, erectile crest, its long curved beak built for probing soil.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fudod","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fudod.png",{"title":297,"description":298,"path":299,"coverImage":300,"publishedAt":154,"order":151},"Eurasian Jay","The Eurasian jay (Garrulus glandarius) is a shy, colorful woodland corvid famous for its vivid blue wing patch and its habit of burying thousands of acorns each autumn, helping oak forests spread.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fsoyka","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fsoyka.png",{"title":302,"description":303,"path":304,"coverImage":305,"publishedAt":154,"order":151},"Eurasian Magpie","The Eurasian magpie (Pica pica) is a strikingly patterned black-and-white corvid with a long wedge-shaped tail and iridescent wings, famous among birds for passing the mirror self-recognition test.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fsoroka","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fsoroka.png",{"title":307,"description":308,"path":309,"coverImage":310,"publishedAt":154,"order":151},"Eurasian Siskin","The Eurasian siskin (Spinus spinus) is a small, acrobatic finch of coniferous forest, often seen hanging upside down from spruce and alder cones while feeding in restless, chattering flocks.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fchizh","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fchizh.png",{"title":312,"description":313,"path":314,"coverImage":315,"publishedAt":154,"order":151},"Eurasian Skylark","The Eurasian skylark (Alauda arvensis) is a streaky brown farmland bird famous for singing continuously while climbing almost out of sight into the open sky, and for its dramatic decline across intensively farmed Western Europe.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fpolevoy-zhavoronok","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fpolevoy-zhavoronok.png",{"title":317,"description":318,"path":319,"coverImage":320,"publishedAt":154,"order":151},"Eurasian Tree Sparrow","The Eurasian tree sparrow (Passer montanus) is a smaller, more rural relative of the house sparrow, told apart by its chestnut cap and neat black cheek spot, and both sexes look alike.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fpolevoi-vorobei","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fpolevoi-vorobei.png",{"title":322,"description":323,"path":324,"coverImage":325,"publishedAt":154,"order":151},"European Goldfinch","The European goldfinch (Carduelis carduelis) is one of Europe's most vividly colored songbirds, a thistle-seed specialist with a bold red face and golden-yellow wing flash.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fshchegol","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fshchegol.png",{"title":327,"description":328,"path":329,"coverImage":330,"publishedAt":154,"order":151},"European Greenfinch","The European greenfinch (Chloris chloris) is a stocky, olive-green finch with flashes of bright yellow in the wings and tail, known for its buzzy, wheezing song and heavy seed-cracking beak.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fzelenushka","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fzelenushka.png",{"title":332,"description":333,"path":334,"coverImage":335,"publishedAt":154,"order":151},"European Pied Flycatcher","The European pied flycatcher (Ficedula hypoleuca) is a bold black-and-white migrant, a nest-box favorite among researchers, and one of the most closely studied songbirds for how climate change is disrupting migration timing.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fmukholovka-pestrushka","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fmukholovka-pestrushka.png",{"title":337,"description":338,"path":339,"coverImage":340,"publishedAt":154,"order":151},"European Robin","The European robin (Erithacus rubecula) is a small, fiercely territorial songbird instantly recognized by its orange-red face and breast, and one of the few European birds to sing through much of the winter.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fzaryanka","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fzaryanka.png",{"title":342,"description":343,"path":344,"coverImage":345,"publishedAt":154,"order":151},"European Turtle Dove","The European turtle dove (Streptopelia turtur) is a small, warm-toned migrant dove known for its soft purring song and a population decline so steep it is now classified as globally Vulnerable.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fobyknovennaya-gorlitsa","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fobyknovennaya-gorlitsa.png",{"title":347,"description":348,"path":349,"coverImage":350,"publishedAt":154,"order":151},"Fieldfare","The fieldfare (Turdus pilaris) is a large, gregarious thrush known for forming big winter flocks in berry-laden trees and for its unusual, colonial breeding habit backed by coordinated group defense.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fryabinnik","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fryabinnik.png",{"title":352,"description":353,"path":354,"coverImage":355,"publishedAt":356,"order":151},"Great Crested Grebe","The great crested grebe (Podiceps cristatus) is the largest Eurasian grebe, famous for its elaborate mutual courtship dance and its ornate double crest and chestnut-and-black head ruff.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fbolshaya-poganka","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fbolshaya-poganka.png","12.08.2026",{"title":358,"description":359,"path":360,"coverImage":361,"publishedAt":154,"order":151},"Great Spotted Woodpecker","The great spotted woodpecker (Dendrocopos major) is the most widespread woodpecker in Europe, a bold black-and-white bird known for its rapid drumming and a bright red patch beneath the tail.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fbolshoy-pyostry-dyatel","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fbolshoy-pyostry-dyatel.png",{"title":363,"description":364,"path":365,"coverImage":366,"publishedAt":154,"order":151},"Great Tit","The great tit (Parus major) is the largest and most familiar European tit, a bold, adaptable garden bird known for its bright yellow underparts, black head, and endlessly varied calls.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fbolshaya-sinitsa","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fbolshaya-sinitsa.png",{"title":368,"description":369,"path":370,"coverImage":371,"publishedAt":154,"order":151},"Grey Heron","The grey heron (Ardea cinerea) is a tall, statuesque wetland hunter known for standing motionless in shallow water before striking at fish with lightning speed.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fseraya-tsaplya","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fseraya-tsaplya.png",{"title":373,"description":374,"path":375,"coverImage":376,"publishedAt":154,"order":151},"Greylag Goose","The greylag goose (Anser anser) is the wild ancestor of most domestic geese, a large grey-brown grazing bird best known for its loud honking calls and the strong lifelong pair bonds it forms.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fsery-gus","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fsery-gus.png",{"title":378,"description":379,"path":380,"coverImage":381,"publishedAt":154,"order":151},"Hooded Crow","The hooded crow (Corvus cornix) is a highly intelligent, ash-grey and black corvid that replaces the all-black carrion crow across Eastern Europe, Russia, and Scandinavia.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fseraya-vorona","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fseraya-vorona.png",{"title":383,"description":384,"path":385,"coverImage":386,"publishedAt":154,"order":151},"House Sparrow","The house sparrow (Passer domesticus) is one of the most widespread birds on Earth, a familiar, sociable companion of human settlements, though its numbers have fallen sharply in many Western cities.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fdomovyi-vorobei","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fdomovyi-vorobei.png",{"title":388,"description":389,"path":390,"coverImage":391,"publishedAt":392,"order":151},"Little Grebe","The little grebe (Tachybaptus ruficollis) is the smallest European grebe, a dumpy, tailless-looking diver more often heard than seen, its loud whinnying trill echoing from dense waterside vegetation.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fmalaya-poganka","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fmalaya-poganka.png","10.08.2026",{"title":394,"description":395,"path":396,"coverImage":397,"publishedAt":154,"order":151},"Long-eared Owl","The long-eared owl (Asio otus) is a slender, secretive owl of dense conifers, instantly recognizable by its long feathered ear tufts and fiery orange eyes, and famous for forming communal winter roosts.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fushastaya-sova","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fushastaya-sova.png",{"title":399,"description":400,"path":401,"coverImage":402,"publishedAt":154,"order":151},"Mallard","The mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) is the most familiar duck across the Northern Hemisphere, instantly recognized by the drake's glossy bottle-green head and found on almost any body of water year-round.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fkryakva","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fkryakva.png",{"title":404,"description":405,"path":406,"coverImage":407,"publishedAt":154,"order":151},"Mute Swan","The mute swan (Cygnus olor) is one of the world's largest flying birds, instantly recognized by its pure white plumage, gracefully curved neck, and orange bill with a black basal knob.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Flebed-shipun","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Flebed-shipun.png",{"title":409,"description":410,"path":411,"coverImage":412,"publishedAt":154,"order":151},"Northern Goshawk","The northern goshawk (Accipiter gentilis) is a powerful, secretive forest hawk built for explosive short bursts of speed through dense woodland in pursuit of birds and mammals.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fyastreb-teterevyatnik","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fyastreb-teterevyatnik.png",{"title":414,"description":415,"path":416,"coverImage":417,"publishedAt":154,"order":151},"Northern Lapwing","The northern lapwing (Vanellus vanellus) is a striking farmland wader known for its wispy head crest, iridescent green-black upperparts, and spectacular tumbling display flight.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fchibis","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fchibis.png",{"title":419,"description":420,"path":421,"coverImage":422,"publishedAt":154,"order":151},"Red Crossbill","The red crossbill (Loxia curvirostra) is a specialist finch of coniferous forest with a uniquely crossed beak built for prying seeds from spruce and pine cones, and a breeding season that can start in the dead of winter.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fklyost-elovik","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fklyost-elovik.png",{"title":424,"description":425,"path":426,"coverImage":427,"publishedAt":154,"order":151},"Rock Dove","The rock dove (Columba livia) is the wild ancestor of every domestic and feral pigeon, a cliff-nesting species whose descendants now thrive as one of the most familiar birds of cities worldwide.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fsizyi-golub","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fsizyi-golub.png",{"title":429,"description":430,"path":431,"coverImage":432,"publishedAt":154,"order":151},"Rook","The rook (Corvus frugilegus) is a highly social, glossy-black corvid of farmland, known for its bare greyish face patch and its habit of nesting in large, noisy tree-top colonies called rookeries.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fgrach","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fgrach.png",{"title":434,"description":435,"path":436,"coverImage":437,"publishedAt":154,"order":151},"Song Thrush","The song thrush (Turdus philomelos) is a richly spotted woodland thrush famous for its melodious, endlessly repeated song and its habit of smashing snail shells open on a favorite stone 'anvil.'","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fpevchiy-drozd","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fpevchiy-drozd.png",{"title":439,"description":440,"path":441,"coverImage":442,"publishedAt":154,"order":151},"Tawny Owl","The tawny owl (Strix aluco) is the most familiar owl across much of Europe and western Russia, a stocky, big-headed woodland hunter best known for its haunting hooting call after dark.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fseraya-neyasyt","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fseraya-neyasyt.png",{"title":444,"description":445,"path":446,"coverImage":447,"publishedAt":154,"order":151},"Thrush Nightingale","The thrush nightingale (Luscinia luscinia) is a plain, skulking songbird of dense riverside thickets, famous far beyond its unassuming looks for one of the richest, loudest night songs of any European bird.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fsolovey","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fsolovey.png",{"title":449,"description":450,"path":451,"coverImage":452,"publishedAt":154,"order":151},"Western Jackdaw","The western jackdaw (Coloeus monedula) is the smallest common European corvid, a sociable, cavity-nesting bird easily recognized by its pale silvery-grey eye and steel-grey nape.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fgalka","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fgalka.png",{"title":454,"description":455,"path":456,"coverImage":457,"publishedAt":154,"order":151},"White Stork","The white stork (Ciconia ciconia) is a massive, long-legged wetland and farmland bird famous for its huge stick nests on rooftops and chimneys, and for a bill-clattering display that replaces true vocal calls.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fbely-aist","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fbely-aist.png",{"title":459,"description":460,"path":461,"coverImage":462,"publishedAt":154,"order":151},"White Wagtail","The white wagtail (Motacilla alba) is a slim, black-and-white bird known for its constantly bobbing tail, brisk running gait, and spectacular communal winter roosts that sometimes form in the middle of busy towns.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fbelaya-tryasoguzka","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fbelaya-tryasoguzka.png",{"title":464,"description":465,"path":466,"coverImage":467,"publishedAt":154,"order":151},"White-tailed Eagle","The white-tailed eagle (Haliaeetus albicilla) is Europe's largest eagle, a massive fish- and waterbird-hunting raptor of coasts, lakes, and river valleys, once nearly lost to persecution and pesticides.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Forlan-belokhvost","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Forlan-belokhvost.png",{"title":469,"description":470,"path":471,"coverImage":472,"publishedAt":154,"order":151},"Yellowhammer","The yellowhammer (Emberiza citrinella) is a vividly yellow-headed farmland bunting known for its distinctive, rhythmic song, often rendered in English as 'a little bit of bread and no cheese.'","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fobyknovennaya-ovsyanka","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fobyknovennaya-ovsyanka.png",[],[475,476,478],{"label":158,"path":159,"description":160,"coverImage":151},{"label":162,"path":163,"description":164,"coverImage":477},"\u002Fimages\u002Fopredelitel\u002Findex.png",{"label":166,"path":167,"description":168,"coverImage":197},[480,485,491,496,501],{"title":481,"description":482,"path":483,"coverImage":484,"publishedAt":154,"order":151},"Birds of Prey","Birds of prey hunt live vertebrate prey with keen eyesight, sharp talons, and a hooked bill — from the hovering common kestrel to the massive, fish-hunting white-tailed eagle.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fkhishchnye-ptitsy","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fkhishchnye-ptitsy.png",{"title":486,"description":487,"path":488,"coverImage":489,"publishedAt":490,"order":151},"How to Identify a Bird Species","Most bird identification starts with an observation, not a name — plumage color, size, beak shape, habitat, and season narrow the field faster than flipping through a list of species.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fkak-opredelit-vid-ptitsy","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fkak-opredelit-vid-ptitsy.png","14.07.2026",{"title":492,"description":493,"path":494,"coverImage":495,"publishedAt":490,"order":151},"Rare and Threatened Birds","Some birds in this atlas carry a conservation status above Least Concern — from the northern lapwing (NT) to the European turtle dove (VU). This is a reminder that even familiar species can face serious pressure.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fredkie-ptitsy","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fredkie-ptitsy.png",{"title":497,"description":498,"path":499,"coverImage":500,"publishedAt":154,"order":151},"Songbirds","Songbirds are the largest and most vocally elaborate group of birds in the atlas — from the chaffinch's cascading spring song to the nightingale's celebrated night-time performance.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fpevchie-ptitsy","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fpevchie-ptitsy.png",{"title":502,"description":503,"path":504,"coverImage":505,"publishedAt":490,"order":151},"Waterfowl and Wetland Birds","Waterfowl and other wetland birds span dabbling ducks, grazing geese, elegant swans, and patient wading hunters — from the everyday mallard to the towering mute swan and the motionless grey heron.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvodoplavayushchie-ptitsy","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvodoplavayushchie-ptitsy.png",1787114558396]