[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":491},["ShallowReactive",2],{"species_en:\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fbolshoy-pyostry-dyatel":3,"alt-locale:species_en:\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fbolshoy-pyostry-dyatel":162,"section-listing:species_en:\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy":163,"section-listing:disabled":458,"related-covers:en:\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy|\u002Fopredelitel|\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fbolshaya-sinitsa":459,"section-listing:species_en:\u002Fvidy-ptic":464},{"id":4,"title":5,"body":6,"conservationStatus":112,"coverImage":113,"description":114,"diet":115,"extension":120,"family":121,"familySlug":122,"faq":123,"imagePrompt":133,"latinName":26,"meta":134,"navigation":135,"order":136,"pageType":137,"path":138,"publishedAt":139,"readingMinutes":140,"relatedLinks":141,"relatedSpecies":136,"season":154,"seo":155,"sitemap":158,"stem":159,"tags":136,"updatedAt":136,"wingspanCm":160,"__hash__":161},"species_en\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fbolshoy-pyostry-dyatel.md","Great Spotted Woodpecker",{"type":7,"value":8,"toc":103},"minimark",[9,14,32,35,39,46,49,53,64,67,71,86,90],[10,11,13],"h2",{"id":12},"appearance","Appearance",[15,16,17,18,22,23,27,28,31],"p",{},"The ",[19,20,21],"strong",{},"great spotted woodpecker"," (",[24,25,26],"em",{},"Dendrocopos major",") is a medium-sized woodpecker with a wingspan of ",[19,29,30],{},"34 to 39 cm"," and a body length of about 23 to 26 cm, weighing between roughly 70 and 100 grams. Its plumage is boldly patterned in black and white, with large white patches on the shoulders standing out clearly against an otherwise black back and wings, and a bright crimson-red patch on the lower belly beneath the tail, present in both sexes.",[15,33,34],{},"Adult males carry an additional small patch of red on the nape at the back of the head, which females lack entirely, making the two sexes otherwise identical in plumage. The beak is strong, straight, and chisel-shaped, well suited to excavating wood, and stiff, specially reinforced tail feathers act as a supporting brace against the trunk while the bird climbs and forages vertically.",[10,36,38],{"id":37},"range-and-habitat","Range and habitat",[15,40,41,42,45],{},"The great spotted woodpecker is the most widespread woodpecker species across Europe and extends through forested Russia into Siberia and parts of East Asia. It is ",[19,43,44],{},"strongly resident",", with pairs generally remaining within the same territory year-round rather than migrating even in the coldest parts of its range.",[15,47,48],{},"It occupies a broad range of wooded habitats, including deciduous, coniferous, and mixed forest, parks, and large gardens with mature trees, and has adapted well enough to human-altered landscapes to become a fairly regular visitor to garden bird feeders across much of its range, particularly where peanuts or suet are offered.",[10,50,52],{"id":51},"behavior-and-lifestyle","Behavior and lifestyle",[15,54,55,56,59,60,63],{},"Great spotted woodpeckers feed extensively on ",[19,57,58],{},"wood-boring beetle larvae and other insects",", extracted from bark and dead wood using a combination of powerful, chisel-like excavation and a long, barbed, sticky tongue capable of reaching deep into narrow tunnels within the wood. In autumn and winter, diet shifts substantially toward ",[19,61,62],{},"seeds and nuts",", particularly pine and spruce cone seeds, which the bird wedges into a favored bark crevice or fork — sometimes called an \"anvil\" — to hold the cone steady while extracting individual seeds.",[15,65,66],{},"The species is also a notable, if opportunistic, nest predator of smaller songbirds, taking eggs and nestlings from cavity and open nests alike when the opportunity arises. Its rapid, mechanical drumming — produced by striking a resonant branch repeatedly at very high speed — serves the same territorial and mate-attraction role that song plays for most other birds, and is one of the most recognizable sounds of European woodland in early spring.",[10,68,70],{"id":69},"breeding","Breeding",[15,72,73,74,77,78,81,82,85],{},"Great spotted woodpeckers excavate a new nest cavity each year in a tree trunk or large branch, typically in dead or decaying wood that is easier to carve than solid, healthy timber, creating cavities that are frequently reused by other species, including tits and flycatchers, in subsequent years. The typical clutch is ",[19,75,76],{},"4 to 7 eggs",", incubated by both parents for ",[19,79,80],{},"10 to 13 days",". Chicks fledge at around ",[19,83,84],{},"20 to 24 days"," old and remain dependent on their parents for continued feeding for a short period after leaving the nest.",[10,87,89],{"id":88},"interesting-facts","Interesting facts",[91,92,93,97,100],"ul",{},[94,95,96],"li",{},"A drumming great spotted woodpecker can produce individual strikes at a rate of roughly ten to sixteen per second, a burst so fast it appears almost as a continuous blur to the human eye and ear.",[94,98,99],{},"Because great spotted woodpecker nest cavities are frequently reused by other cavity-nesting species once vacated, the bird plays an important supporting ecological role in local woodland communities, functioning as what ecologists sometimes describe as a keystone species for cavity availability.",[94,101,102],{},"Great spotted woodpeckers have occasionally been documented drumming on artificial resonant surfaces, including metal chimney caps and street signs, apparently drawn by the particularly loud, far-carrying sound such materials can produce compared to natural wood.",{"title":104,"searchDepth":105,"depth":105,"links":106},"",2,[107,108,109,110,111],{"id":12,"depth":105,"text":13},{"id":37,"depth":105,"text":38},{"id":51,"depth":105,"text":52},{"id":69,"depth":105,"text":70},{"id":88,"depth":105,"text":89},"LC","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fbolshoy-pyostry-dyatel.png","The great spotted woodpecker (Dendrocopos major) is the most widespread woodpecker in Europe, a bold black-and-white bird known for its rapid drumming and a bright red patch beneath the tail.",[116,117,118,119],"Wood-boring beetle larvae and other insects extracted from bark and dead wood","Seeds and nuts, especially pine and spruce, wedged into bark crevices to open","Eggs and nestlings of other birds","Garden feeder food, especially peanuts and suet","md","Picidae (Woodpeckers)","dyatlovye",[124,127,130],{"q":125,"a":126},"Why does the great spotted woodpecker drum on trees instead of just calling?","Drumming — a rapid, mechanical burst of beak strikes against a resonant piece of wood — serves the same territorial and mate-attraction function as song does for other birds, but is produced physically rather than vocally. Woodpeckers select particularly resonant dead branches or trunk sections specifically to maximize the volume and carrying distance of the sound, and drumming rate and rhythm can help distinguish this species from other woodpeckers even without a clear view.",{"q":128,"a":129},"How does the great spotted woodpecker avoid injuring its brain while hammering so forcefully?","Woodpeckers have evolved a suite of anatomical adaptations to absorb the repeated shock of striking wood at high speed, including a spongy, shock-absorbing bone structure in the skull, a relatively small brain oriented to minimize rotational forces, and strong neck muscles that help control and cushion each impact — a combination of features that has made woodpecker skull anatomy a subject of interest well beyond ornithology, including in engineering research on impact protection.",{"q":131,"a":132},"How can I tell males and females apart?","Adult male great spotted woodpeckers show a small patch of red on the nape, at the back of the head, which females lack entirely — otherwise the sexes look essentially identical, sharing the same bold black-and-white body pattern, white shoulder patches, and crimson-red patch beneath the tail found in both sexes.","Photorealistic wildlife photography, Dendrocopos major great spotted woodpecker gripping the trunk of a mature pine tree with stiff tail feathers braced against the bark for support, bold black-and-white plumage, large white shoulder patches, bright crimson-red patch under the tail, sharp focus on the eye, soft-focus background of a pine forest interior with dappled light, soft natural morning light from camera-left, shallow depth of field, telephoto lens compression, 16:9",{},true,null,"species","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fbolshoy-pyostry-dyatel","13.07.2026",1,[142,146,150],{"label":143,"path":144,"description":145},"Species catalogue","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy","Browse all bird species covered in the atlas",{"label":147,"path":148,"description":149},"Bird identifier","\u002Fopredelitel","Identify a bird you've seen by color, size, beak shape, habitat, and season",{"label":151,"path":152,"description":153},"Great tit","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fbolshaya-sinitsa","Another common garden and woodland bird","resident year-round",{"title":156,"description":157},"Great Spotted Woodpecker (Dendrocopos major) — identification","Great spotted woodpecker: Europe's most widespread woodpecker, known for drumming and a red tail patch. Identification, diet, range, and breeding behavior.",{"loc":138},"vidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fbolshoy-pyostry-dyatel","34–39","8dX0eq52YFcRTLtfz7mx1OJ2lhkoKbFeK4taBCQSxk0",{"ru":135,"es":135},[164,169,174,179,184,190,195,200,205,210,215,220,225,230,235,240,245,250,255,260,265,271,276,281,286,291,296,301,306,311,316,321,326,331,336,341,347,348,352,357,362,367,372,378,383,388,393,398,403,408,413,418,423,428,433,438,443,448,453],{"title":165,"description":166,"path":167,"coverImage":168,"publishedAt":139,"order":136},"Barn Swallow","The barn swallow (Hirundo rustica) is a sleek, deeply forked-tailed aerial hunter and one of the world's most celebrated long-distance migrants, nesting in barns and outbuildings across nearly the entire Northern Hemisphere.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fderevenskaya-lastochka","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fderevenskaya-lastochka.png",{"title":170,"description":171,"path":172,"coverImage":173,"publishedAt":139,"order":136},"Black Kite","The black kite (Milvus migrans) is one of the most abundant birds of prey on Earth, an adaptable scavenger easily recognized by its shallow forked tail and buoyant, twisting flight.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fcherny-korshun","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fcherny-korshun.png",{"title":175,"description":176,"path":177,"coverImage":178,"publishedAt":139,"order":136},"Black Woodpecker","The black woodpecker (Dryocopus martius) is Europe's largest woodpecker, an entirely black, crow-sized bird whose huge excavated cavities provide essential shelter for owls, martens, and many other forest animals.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fzhelna","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fzhelna.png",{"title":180,"description":181,"path":182,"coverImage":183,"publishedAt":139,"order":136},"Black-headed Gull","The black-headed gull (Chroicocephalus ridibundus) is Europe's most familiar small gull, easily identified by its chocolate-brown breeding hood and readily seen far from the coast on inland lakes and city parks.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fozernaya-chaika","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fozernaya-chaika.png",{"title":185,"description":186,"path":187,"coverImage":188,"publishedAt":189,"order":136},"Black-necked Grebe","The black-necked grebe (Podiceps nigricollis) is a small colonial-nesting grebe known for its striking golden ear-tufts, red eyes, and preference for breeding on shallow, gull-fringed lakes.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fchernosheyaya-poganka","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fchernosheyaya-poganka.png","14.08.2026",{"title":191,"description":192,"path":193,"coverImage":194,"publishedAt":139,"order":136},"Coal Tit","The coal tit (Periparus ater) is the smallest European tit, a conifer-forest specialist with a distinctive white nape patch and an intense drive to cache seeds against future shortages.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fmoskovka","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fmoskovka.png",{"title":196,"description":197,"path":198,"coverImage":199,"publishedAt":139,"order":136},"Common Blackbird","The common blackbird (Turdus merula) is one of Europe's most familiar garden birds, the glossy black male with his bright orange bill instantly recognizable, and his fluting dawn song among the most beautiful in Europe.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fcherny-drozd","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fcherny-drozd.png",{"title":201,"description":202,"path":203,"coverImage":204,"publishedAt":139,"order":136},"Common Buzzard","The common buzzard (Buteo buteo) is the most widespread bird of prey in Europe, a broad-winged soarer often seen circling over fields or perched on roadside posts.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fkanyuk-obyknovenny","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fkanyuk-obyknovenny.png",{"title":206,"description":207,"path":208,"coverImage":209,"publishedAt":139,"order":136},"Common Chaffinch","The common chaffinch (Fringilla coelebs) is one of the most abundant and widespread songbirds in Europe, the brightly colored male known for his cheerful, cascading spring song.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fzyablik","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fzyablik.png",{"title":211,"description":212,"path":213,"coverImage":214,"publishedAt":139,"order":136},"Common Cuckoo","The common cuckoo (Cuculus canorus) is a grey, hawk-like migrant famous for its instantly recognizable call and its remarkable brood-parasitic lifestyle, laying its eggs exclusively in the nests of other birds.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fobyknovennaya-kukushka","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fobyknovennaya-kukushka.png",{"title":216,"description":217,"path":218,"coverImage":219,"publishedAt":139,"order":136},"Common Gull","The common gull (Larus canus) is a medium-sized, clean-headed gull with a plain yellow-green bill, a familiar sight on rivers, lakes, and coasts mainly during spring and autumn passage.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fsizaya-chaika","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fsizaya-chaika.png",{"title":221,"description":222,"path":223,"coverImage":224,"publishedAt":139,"order":136},"Common House Martin","The common house martin (Delichon urbicum) is a glossy blue-black aerial insect-hunter easily told from the barn swallow by its clean white rump, and famous for building enclosed mud nests under building eaves.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fgorodskaya-lastochka","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fgorodskaya-lastochka.png",{"title":226,"description":227,"path":228,"coverImage":229,"publishedAt":139,"order":136},"Common Kestrel","The common kestrel (Falco tinnunculus) is Europe's most familiar falcon, easily recognized by its habit of hovering motionless in the air while hunting voles over open ground.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fobyknovennaya-pustelga","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fobyknovennaya-pustelga.png",{"title":231,"description":232,"path":233,"coverImage":234,"publishedAt":139,"order":136},"Common Raven","The common raven (Corvus corax) is the largest member of the crow family and the largest of all songbirds, an immensely intelligent, all-black aerial acrobat found across the Northern Hemisphere.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fvoron","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fvoron.png",{"title":236,"description":237,"path":238,"coverImage":239,"publishedAt":139,"order":136},"Common Starling","The common starling (Sturnus vulgaris) is a glossy, iridescent songbird famous for its extraordinary vocal mimicry and for forming vast, swirling winter flocks known as murmurations.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fobyknovenny-skvorets","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fobyknovenny-skvorets.png",{"title":241,"description":242,"path":243,"coverImage":244,"publishedAt":139,"order":136},"Common Swift","The common swift (Apus apus) is a scythe-winged aerial specialist that spends almost its entire life airborne, feeding, sleeping, and even mating on the wing, only landing to nest.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fcherny-strizh","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fcherny-strizh.png",{"title":246,"description":247,"path":248,"coverImage":249,"publishedAt":139,"order":136},"Common Wood Pigeon","The common wood pigeon (Columba palumbus) is Europe's largest and most widespread pigeon, easily told from the smaller rock dove by its white neck patch and heavier, more powerful build.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fvyakhir","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fvyakhir.png",{"title":251,"description":252,"path":253,"coverImage":254,"publishedAt":139,"order":136},"Eurasian Blackcap","The Eurasian blackcap (Sylvia atricapilla) is a plain grey-brown warbler with a neat black or chestnut cap, prized for a rich, fluting song and famous for rapidly evolving a brand-new migration route within living memory.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fslavka-chernogolovka","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fslavka-chernogolovka.png",{"title":256,"description":257,"path":258,"coverImage":259,"publishedAt":139,"order":136},"Eurasian Blue Tit","The Eurasian blue tit (Cyanistes caeruleus) is a small, acrobatic garden favorite with a vivid blue cap and yellow underparts, whose breeding timing is so tightly tuned to caterpillar abundance it has become a classic model for studying climate change.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Flazorevka","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Flazorevka.png",{"title":261,"description":262,"path":263,"coverImage":264,"publishedAt":139,"order":136},"Eurasian Bullfinch","The Eurasian bullfinch (Pyrrhula pyrrhula) is a stocky, shy finch whose male's vivid rose-pink underparts make it one of the most striking winter garden visitors across much of Europe and Russia.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fsnegir","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fsnegir.png",{"title":266,"description":267,"path":268,"coverImage":269,"publishedAt":270,"order":136},"Eurasian Coot","The Eurasian coot (Fulica atra) is a bold, aggressively territorial waterbird, recognized by its all-black plumage and bright white bill and frontal shield.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Flysukha","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Flysukha.png","19.08.2026",{"title":272,"description":273,"path":274,"coverImage":275,"publishedAt":139,"order":136},"Eurasian Eagle-Owl","The Eurasian eagle-owl (Bubo bubo) is one of the largest owls in the world, a powerful nocturnal predator of cliffs and forests capable of taking prey as large as foxes and other raptors.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Ffilin","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Ffilin.png",{"title":277,"description":278,"path":279,"coverImage":280,"publishedAt":139,"order":136},"Eurasian Golden Oriole","The Eurasian golden oriole (Oriolus oriolus) is one of the most brilliantly colored songbirds in Europe, yet its shy, canopy-dwelling habits mean it is far more often heard than seen.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fivolga","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fivolga.png",{"title":282,"description":283,"path":284,"coverImage":285,"publishedAt":139,"order":136},"Eurasian Hoopoe","The Eurasian hoopoe (Upupa epops) is one of the most unmistakable birds in its range, a pinkish-orange bird with bold black-and-white striped wings and a tall, erectile crest, its long curved beak built for probing soil.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fudod","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fudod.png",{"title":287,"description":288,"path":289,"coverImage":290,"publishedAt":139,"order":136},"Eurasian Jay","The Eurasian jay (Garrulus glandarius) is a shy, colorful woodland corvid famous for its vivid blue wing patch and its habit of burying thousands of acorns each autumn, helping oak forests spread.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fsoyka","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fsoyka.png",{"title":292,"description":293,"path":294,"coverImage":295,"publishedAt":139,"order":136},"Eurasian Magpie","The Eurasian magpie (Pica pica) is a strikingly patterned black-and-white corvid with a long wedge-shaped tail and iridescent wings, famous among birds for passing the mirror self-recognition test.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fsoroka","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fsoroka.png",{"title":297,"description":298,"path":299,"coverImage":300,"publishedAt":139,"order":136},"Eurasian Siskin","The Eurasian siskin (Spinus spinus) is a small, acrobatic finch of coniferous forest, often seen hanging upside down from spruce and alder cones while feeding in restless, chattering flocks.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fchizh","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fchizh.png",{"title":302,"description":303,"path":304,"coverImage":305,"publishedAt":139,"order":136},"Eurasian Skylark","The Eurasian skylark (Alauda arvensis) is a streaky brown farmland bird famous for singing continuously while climbing almost out of sight into the open sky, and for its dramatic decline across intensively farmed Western Europe.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fpolevoy-zhavoronok","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fpolevoy-zhavoronok.png",{"title":307,"description":308,"path":309,"coverImage":310,"publishedAt":139,"order":136},"Eurasian Tree Sparrow","The Eurasian tree sparrow (Passer montanus) is a smaller, more rural relative of the house sparrow, told apart by its chestnut cap and neat black cheek spot, and both sexes look alike.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fpolevoi-vorobei","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fpolevoi-vorobei.png",{"title":312,"description":313,"path":314,"coverImage":315,"publishedAt":139,"order":136},"European Goldfinch","The European goldfinch (Carduelis carduelis) is one of Europe's most vividly colored songbirds, a thistle-seed specialist with a bold red face and golden-yellow wing flash.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fshchegol","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fshchegol.png",{"title":317,"description":318,"path":319,"coverImage":320,"publishedAt":139,"order":136},"European Greenfinch","The European greenfinch (Chloris chloris) is a stocky, olive-green finch with flashes of bright yellow in the wings and tail, known for its buzzy, wheezing song and heavy seed-cracking beak.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fzelenushka","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fzelenushka.png",{"title":322,"description":323,"path":324,"coverImage":325,"publishedAt":139,"order":136},"European Pied Flycatcher","The European pied flycatcher (Ficedula hypoleuca) is a bold black-and-white migrant, a nest-box favorite among researchers, and one of the most closely studied songbirds for how climate change is disrupting migration timing.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fmukholovka-pestrushka","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fmukholovka-pestrushka.png",{"title":327,"description":328,"path":329,"coverImage":330,"publishedAt":139,"order":136},"European Robin","The European robin (Erithacus rubecula) is a small, fiercely territorial songbird instantly recognized by its orange-red face and breast, and one of the few European birds to sing through much of the winter.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fzaryanka","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fzaryanka.png",{"title":332,"description":333,"path":334,"coverImage":335,"publishedAt":139,"order":136},"European Turtle Dove","The European turtle dove (Streptopelia turtur) is a small, warm-toned migrant dove known for its soft purring song and a population decline so steep it is now classified as globally Vulnerable.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fobyknovennaya-gorlitsa","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fobyknovennaya-gorlitsa.png",{"title":337,"description":338,"path":339,"coverImage":340,"publishedAt":139,"order":136},"Fieldfare","The fieldfare (Turdus pilaris) is a large, gregarious thrush known for forming big winter flocks in berry-laden trees and for its unusual, colonial breeding habit backed by coordinated group defense.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fryabinnik","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fryabinnik.png",{"title":342,"description":343,"path":344,"coverImage":345,"publishedAt":346,"order":136},"Great Crested Grebe","The great crested grebe (Podiceps cristatus) is the largest Eurasian grebe, famous for its elaborate mutual courtship dance and its ornate double crest and chestnut-and-black head ruff.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fbolshaya-poganka","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fbolshaya-poganka.png","12.08.2026",{"title":5,"description":114,"path":138,"coverImage":113,"publishedAt":139,"order":136},{"title":349,"description":350,"path":152,"coverImage":351,"publishedAt":139,"order":136},"Great Tit","The great tit (Parus major) is the largest and most familiar European tit, a bold, adaptable garden bird known for its bright yellow underparts, black head, and endlessly varied calls.","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fbolshaya-sinitsa.png",{"title":353,"description":354,"path":355,"coverImage":356,"publishedAt":139,"order":136},"Grey Heron","The grey heron (Ardea cinerea) is a tall, statuesque wetland hunter known for standing motionless in shallow water before striking at fish with lightning speed.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fseraya-tsaplya","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fseraya-tsaplya.png",{"title":358,"description":359,"path":360,"coverImage":361,"publishedAt":139,"order":136},"Greylag Goose","The greylag goose (Anser anser) is the wild ancestor of most domestic geese, a large grey-brown grazing bird best known for its loud honking calls and the strong lifelong pair bonds it forms.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fsery-gus","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fsery-gus.png",{"title":363,"description":364,"path":365,"coverImage":366,"publishedAt":139,"order":136},"Hooded Crow","The hooded crow (Corvus cornix) is a highly intelligent, ash-grey and black corvid that replaces the all-black carrion crow across Eastern Europe, Russia, and Scandinavia.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fseraya-vorona","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fseraya-vorona.png",{"title":368,"description":369,"path":370,"coverImage":371,"publishedAt":139,"order":136},"House Sparrow","The house sparrow (Passer domesticus) is one of the most widespread birds on Earth, a familiar, sociable companion of human settlements, though its numbers have fallen sharply in many Western cities.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fdomovyi-vorobei","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fdomovyi-vorobei.png",{"title":373,"description":374,"path":375,"coverImage":376,"publishedAt":377,"order":136},"Little Grebe","The little grebe (Tachybaptus ruficollis) is the smallest European grebe, a dumpy, tailless-looking diver more often heard than seen, its loud whinnying trill echoing from dense waterside vegetation.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fmalaya-poganka","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fmalaya-poganka.png","10.08.2026",{"title":379,"description":380,"path":381,"coverImage":382,"publishedAt":139,"order":136},"Long-eared Owl","The long-eared owl (Asio otus) is a slender, secretive owl of dense conifers, instantly recognizable by its long feathered ear tufts and fiery orange eyes, and famous for forming communal winter roosts.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fushastaya-sova","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fushastaya-sova.png",{"title":384,"description":385,"path":386,"coverImage":387,"publishedAt":139,"order":136},"Mallard","The mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) is the most familiar duck across the Northern Hemisphere, instantly recognized by the drake's glossy bottle-green head and found on almost any body of water year-round.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fkryakva","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fkryakva.png",{"title":389,"description":390,"path":391,"coverImage":392,"publishedAt":139,"order":136},"Mute Swan","The mute swan (Cygnus olor) is one of the world's largest flying birds, instantly recognized by its pure white plumage, gracefully curved neck, and orange bill with a black basal knob.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Flebed-shipun","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Flebed-shipun.png",{"title":394,"description":395,"path":396,"coverImage":397,"publishedAt":139,"order":136},"Northern Goshawk","The northern goshawk (Accipiter gentilis) is a powerful, secretive forest hawk built for explosive short bursts of speed through dense woodland in pursuit of birds and mammals.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fyastreb-teterevyatnik","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fyastreb-teterevyatnik.png",{"title":399,"description":400,"path":401,"coverImage":402,"publishedAt":139,"order":136},"Northern Lapwing","The northern lapwing (Vanellus vanellus) is a striking farmland wader known for its wispy head crest, iridescent green-black upperparts, and spectacular tumbling display flight.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fchibis","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fchibis.png",{"title":404,"description":405,"path":406,"coverImage":407,"publishedAt":139,"order":136},"Red Crossbill","The red crossbill (Loxia curvirostra) is a specialist finch of coniferous forest with a uniquely crossed beak built for prying seeds from spruce and pine cones, and a breeding season that can start in the dead of winter.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fklyost-elovik","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fklyost-elovik.png",{"title":409,"description":410,"path":411,"coverImage":412,"publishedAt":139,"order":136},"Rock Dove","The rock dove (Columba livia) is the wild ancestor of every domestic and feral pigeon, a cliff-nesting species whose descendants now thrive as one of the most familiar birds of cities worldwide.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fsizyi-golub","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fsizyi-golub.png",{"title":414,"description":415,"path":416,"coverImage":417,"publishedAt":139,"order":136},"Rook","The rook (Corvus frugilegus) is a highly social, glossy-black corvid of farmland, known for its bare greyish face patch and its habit of nesting in large, noisy tree-top colonies called rookeries.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fgrach","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fgrach.png",{"title":419,"description":420,"path":421,"coverImage":422,"publishedAt":139,"order":136},"Song Thrush","The song thrush (Turdus philomelos) is a richly spotted woodland thrush famous for its melodious, endlessly repeated song and its habit of smashing snail shells open on a favorite stone 'anvil.'","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fpevchiy-drozd","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fpevchiy-drozd.png",{"title":424,"description":425,"path":426,"coverImage":427,"publishedAt":139,"order":136},"Tawny Owl","The tawny owl (Strix aluco) is the most familiar owl across much of Europe and western Russia, a stocky, big-headed woodland hunter best known for its haunting hooting call after dark.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fseraya-neyasyt","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fseraya-neyasyt.png",{"title":429,"description":430,"path":431,"coverImage":432,"publishedAt":139,"order":136},"Thrush Nightingale","The thrush nightingale (Luscinia luscinia) is a plain, skulking songbird of dense riverside thickets, famous far beyond its unassuming looks for one of the richest, loudest night songs of any European bird.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fsolovey","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fsolovey.png",{"title":434,"description":435,"path":436,"coverImage":437,"publishedAt":139,"order":136},"Western Jackdaw","The western jackdaw (Coloeus monedula) is the smallest common European corvid, a sociable, cavity-nesting bird easily recognized by its pale silvery-grey eye and steel-grey nape.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fgalka","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fgalka.png",{"title":439,"description":440,"path":441,"coverImage":442,"publishedAt":139,"order":136},"White Stork","The white stork (Ciconia ciconia) is a massive, long-legged wetland and farmland bird famous for its huge stick nests on rooftops and chimneys, and for a bill-clattering display that replaces true vocal calls.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fbely-aist","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fbely-aist.png",{"title":444,"description":445,"path":446,"coverImage":447,"publishedAt":139,"order":136},"White Wagtail","The white wagtail (Motacilla alba) is a slim, black-and-white bird known for its constantly bobbing tail, brisk running gait, and spectacular communal winter roosts that sometimes form in the middle of busy towns.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fbelaya-tryasoguzka","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fbelaya-tryasoguzka.png",{"title":449,"description":450,"path":451,"coverImage":452,"publishedAt":139,"order":136},"White-tailed Eagle","The white-tailed eagle (Haliaeetus albicilla) is Europe's largest eagle, a massive fish- and waterbird-hunting raptor of coasts, lakes, and river valleys, once nearly lost to persecution and pesticides.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Forlan-belokhvost","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Forlan-belokhvost.png",{"title":454,"description":455,"path":456,"coverImage":457,"publishedAt":139,"order":136},"Yellowhammer","The yellowhammer (Emberiza citrinella) is a vividly yellow-headed farmland bunting known for its distinctive, rhythmic song, often rendered in English as 'a little bit of bread and no cheese.'","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fobyknovennaya-ovsyanka","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fobyknovennaya-ovsyanka.png",[],[460,461,463],{"label":143,"path":144,"description":145,"coverImage":136},{"label":147,"path":148,"description":149,"coverImage":462},"\u002Fimages\u002Fopredelitel\u002Findex.png",{"label":151,"path":152,"description":153,"coverImage":351},[465,470,476,481,486],{"title":466,"description":467,"path":468,"coverImage":469,"publishedAt":139,"order":136},"Birds of Prey","Birds of prey hunt live vertebrate prey with keen eyesight, sharp talons, and a hooked bill — from the hovering common kestrel to the massive, fish-hunting white-tailed eagle.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fkhishchnye-ptitsy","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fkhishchnye-ptitsy.png",{"title":471,"description":472,"path":473,"coverImage":474,"publishedAt":475,"order":136},"How to Identify a Bird Species","Most bird identification starts with an observation, not a name — plumage color, size, beak shape, habitat, and season narrow the field faster than flipping through a list of species.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fkak-opredelit-vid-ptitsy","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fkak-opredelit-vid-ptitsy.png","14.07.2026",{"title":477,"description":478,"path":479,"coverImage":480,"publishedAt":475,"order":136},"Rare and Threatened Birds","Some birds in this atlas carry a conservation status above Least Concern — from the northern lapwing (NT) to the European turtle dove (VU). This is a reminder that even familiar species can face serious pressure.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fredkie-ptitsy","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fredkie-ptitsy.png",{"title":482,"description":483,"path":484,"coverImage":485,"publishedAt":139,"order":136},"Songbirds","Songbirds are the largest and most vocally elaborate group of birds in the atlas — from the chaffinch's cascading spring song to the nightingale's celebrated night-time performance.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fpevchie-ptitsy","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fpevchie-ptitsy.png",{"title":487,"description":488,"path":489,"coverImage":490,"publishedAt":475,"order":136},"Waterfowl and Wetland Birds","Waterfowl and other wetland birds span dabbling ducks, grazing geese, elegant swans, and patient wading hunters — from the everyday mallard to the towering mute swan and the motionless grey heron.","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvodoplavayushchie-ptitsy","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvodoplavayushchie-ptitsy.png",1787114554730]