[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":203},["ShallowReactive",2],{"glossary_en:\u002Fslovar\u002Fskvorechnik":3,"alt-locale:glossary_en:\u002Fslovar\u002Fskvorechnik":102,"section-listing:glossary_en:\u002Fslovar":103,"section-listing:disabled":197,"related-covers:en:\u002Fslovar\u002Fgnezdovanie|\u002Fslovar\u002Fkormushka-dlya-ptic|\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fobyknovenny-skvorets":198},{"id":4,"title":5,"body":6,"coverImage":65,"description":66,"extension":67,"faq":68,"imagePrompt":75,"meta":76,"navigation":77,"order":78,"pageType":79,"path":80,"publishedAt":81,"readingMinutes":82,"relatedLinks":83,"seo":96,"sitemap":99,"stem":100,"tags":78,"updatedAt":78,"__hash__":101},"glossary_en\u002Fslovar\u002Fskvorechnik.md","Nest Box",{"type":7,"value":8,"toc":59},"minimark",[9,14,29,46,50,56],[10,11,13],"h2",{"id":12},"what-a-nest-box-is-and-why-it-works","What a nest box is and why it works",[15,16,17,18,22,23,28],"p",{},"A ",[19,20,21],"strong",{},"nest box"," is an artificial cavity offered to birds that naturally nest in tree holes, filling a gap where old or decaying trees with existing cavities are scarce — commonly the case in managed forests, parks, and gardens where dead wood is regularly removed. The ",[24,25,27],"a",{"href":26},"\u002Fen\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fbolshaya-sinitsa","great tit"," and other cavity-nesting songbirds readily accept a well-placed box as a substitute for a natural hole, and decades of nest-box monitoring have made these species among the best-studied breeding birds in Europe as a direct result.",[15,30,31,32,36,37,41,42,45],{},"The Russian name for a nest box, ",[33,34,35],"em",{},"skvorechnik",", derives from the ",[24,38,40],{"href":39},"\u002Fen\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fobyknovenny-skvorets","common starling"," (",[33,43,44],{},"skvorets","), reflecting the box's traditional association with attracting starlings specifically, though boxes of different dimensions suit a range of species from small tits to larger starlings and even owls or ducks in purpose-built larger designs.",[10,47,49],{"id":48},"sizing-and-placement","Sizing and placement",[15,51,52,55],{},[19,53,54],{},"Entrance hole diameter"," is the single most important design choice: it determines which species can physically enter and, just as importantly, which predators and larger competing species are excluded. A hole around 32 mm suits smaller tits while excluding starlings and larger competitors; a wider hole needed for starlings admits birds that would otherwise outcompete smaller species for the same box.",[15,57,58],{},"Placement matters almost as much as design. A box should avoid direct afternoon sun, which can overheat chicks in an enclosed space with limited ventilation, and should face away from the prevailing wind and driving rain. Mounting height of two to four meters, angled slightly downward to shed rain from the entrance, and a location away from easy access for cats or climbing predators all improve a box's chances of being used successfully. Putting boxes up in late autumn or winter — well ahead of the breeding season — gives birds time to discover and even roost in them before deciding to nest.",{"title":60,"searchDepth":61,"depth":61,"links":62},"",2,[63,64],{"id":12,"depth":61,"text":13},{"id":48,"depth":61,"text":49},"\u002Fimages\u002Fslovar\u002Fskvorechnik.png","A nest box is an artificial cavity built to attract hole-nesting birds where natural tree cavities are scarce, from starling boxes to smaller tit and sparrow boxes.","md",[69,72],{"q":70,"a":71},"Does the entrance hole size really matter?","Yes — hole diameter is the main factor determining which species can use a box and which predators or competitors are excluded. A hole sized for a great tit (around 32 mm) is too small for a starling to enter, while a box built for starlings or larger species has a wider opening that smaller birds could use but that also admits more competitors.",{"q":73,"a":74},"When and where should a nest box be put up?","Late autumn or winter is ideal, giving birds time to find and investigate the box well before the breeding season begins, and some species even use boxes for winter roosting. Placement should avoid full afternoon sun (risk of overheating chicks), face away from prevailing wind and rain, and sit high enough to deter ground predators and cats.","Photorealistic nature photo, a weathered wooden nest box mounted on a birch trunk in a spring garden, a Sturnus vulgaris common starling perched at the round entrance hole with a beak full of nesting material, soft-focus blossoming apple tree branches in the background, warm morning sunlight from camera-left, shallow depth of field, 16:9",{},true,null,"glossary","\u002Fslovar\u002Fskvorechnik","14.07.2026",1,[84,88,92],{"label":85,"path":86,"description":87},"Nesting","\u002Fslovar\u002Fgnezdovanie","The full process of raising chicks in a nest",{"label":89,"path":90,"description":91},"Bird feeder","\u002Fslovar\u002Fkormushka-dlya-ptic","Providing supplementary food for garden birds",{"label":93,"path":94,"description":95},"Common starling","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fobyknovenny-skvorets","A common nest box user, giving the box its Russian name",{"title":97,"description":98},"Nest Box — sizing, placement, and which species use them","What a nest box is, why entrance hole size determines which species can use it, and when and where to put one up.",{"loc":80},"slovar\u002Fskvorechnik","HDssLPKuCdW8XV-JZ8JUYz_1AOyDu2H6sXoKyrgt_Go",{"ru":77,"es":77},[104,108,113,118,123,128,133,138,143,148,153,158,163,168,169,172,177,182,187,192],{"title":105,"description":106,"path":90,"coverImage":107,"publishedAt":81,"order":78},"Bird Feeder","A bird feeder provides supplementary food, most valuably in winter, and lets birdwatchers observe species up close — but it needs regular cleaning to avoid spreading disease.","\u002Fimages\u002Fslovar\u002Fkormushka-dlya-ptic.png",{"title":109,"description":110,"path":111,"coverImage":112,"publishedAt":81,"order":78},"Bird Migration","Bird migration is the regular, seasonal movement of birds between breeding and non-breeding ranges — driven by food availability and daylight, not simply cold weather.","\u002Fslovar\u002Fmigraciya-ptic","\u002Fimages\u002Fslovar\u002Fmigraciya-ptic.png",{"title":114,"description":115,"path":116,"coverImage":117,"publishedAt":81,"order":78},"Bird Ringing","Bird ringing (banding) attaches a small, uniquely numbered metal or plastic ring to a bird's leg, allowing individuals to be tracked across recaptures and sightings.","\u002Fslovar\u002Fkolcevanie-ptic","\u002Fimages\u002Fslovar\u002Fkolcevanie-ptic.png",{"title":119,"description":120,"path":121,"coverImage":122,"publishedAt":81,"order":78},"Bird of Prey (Raptor)","A bird of prey, or raptor, hunts live vertebrate prey using strong grasping feet and a hooked bill — a functional grouping spanning several unrelated families, including falcons, hawks, and owls.","\u002Fslovar\u002Fpernatyi-hishchnik","\u002Fimages\u002Fslovar\u002Fpernatyi-hishchnik.png",{"title":124,"description":125,"path":126,"coverImage":127,"publishedAt":81,"order":78},"Birdwatching","Birdwatching is the recreational observation and identification of wild birds, ranging from casual garden watching to structured trips to specific sites and seasons.","\u002Fslovar\u002Fbirdwatching","\u002Fimages\u002Fslovar\u002Fbirdwatching.png",{"title":129,"description":130,"path":131,"coverImage":132,"publishedAt":81,"order":78},"Conservation Status of Birds (LC\u002FNT\u002FVU\u002FEN\u002FCR)","Conservation status is a standardized IUCN category — from Least Concern to Extinct — measuring how close a species is to disappearing across its entire range.","\u002Fslovar\u002Fohrannyi-status-ptic","\u002Fimages\u002Fslovar\u002Fohrannyi-status-ptic.png",{"title":134,"description":135,"path":136,"coverImage":137,"publishedAt":81,"order":78},"Downy Chick","A downy chick is a hatchling covered in soft, fluffy natal down rather than true feathers — its exact appearance and mobility depend on whether the species is precocial or altricial.","\u002Fslovar\u002Fpuhovoi-ptenec","\u002Fimages\u002Fslovar\u002Fpuhovoi-ptenec.png",{"title":139,"description":140,"path":141,"coverImage":142,"publishedAt":81,"order":78},"Egg Clutch","A clutch is the full set of eggs a female bird lays in a single nesting attempt — its size varies by species from a single egg to over a dozen.","\u002Fslovar\u002Fkladka-yaic","\u002Fimages\u002Fslovar\u002Fkladka-yaic.png",{"title":144,"description":145,"path":146,"coverImage":147,"publishedAt":81,"order":78},"Egg Incubation","Incubation is the process of keeping eggs at a stable, warm temperature until they hatch, usually by direct body contact through a bare, blood-vessel-rich brood patch.","\u002Fslovar\u002Finkubaciya-yaic","\u002Fimages\u002Fslovar\u002Finkubaciya-yaic.png",{"title":149,"description":150,"path":151,"coverImage":152,"publishedAt":81,"order":78},"Endemic Species","An endemic species occurs naturally in one specific geographic area and nowhere else in the world, making it a priority for conservation attention.","\u002Fslovar\u002Fendemik","\u002Fimages\u002Fslovar\u002Fendemik.png",{"title":154,"description":155,"path":156,"coverImage":157,"publishedAt":81,"order":78},"Migration Flyway","A migration flyway is the broad geographic corridor a population of migratory birds consistently follows between breeding and wintering ranges, often shaped by coastlines and mountains.","\u002Fslovar\u002Fmigracionnyi-put","\u002Fimages\u002Fslovar\u002Fmigracionnyi-put.png",{"title":159,"description":160,"path":161,"coverImage":162,"publishedAt":81,"order":78},"Migratory Birds","Migratory birds leave their breeding range for a separate wintering range on a predictable seasonal schedule, returning to breed in the same area each spring.","\u002Fslovar\u002Fpereletnye-ptitsy","\u002Fimages\u002Fslovar\u002Fpereletnye-ptitsy.png",{"title":164,"description":165,"path":166,"coverImage":167,"publishedAt":81,"order":78},"Molt in Birds","Molt is the periodic shedding and replacement of feathers, essential for flight efficiency, insulation, and — in many species — seasonal changes in plumage color.","\u002Fslovar\u002Flinka-u-ptic","\u002Fimages\u002Fslovar\u002Flinka-u-ptic.png",{"title":5,"description":66,"path":80,"coverImage":65,"publishedAt":81,"order":78},{"title":85,"description":170,"path":86,"coverImage":171,"publishedAt":81,"order":78},"Nesting is the full process of building or selecting a nest site, laying and incubating eggs, and raising chicks to independence — behavior that varies enormously between bird families.","\u002Fimages\u002Fslovar\u002Fgnezdovanie.png",{"title":173,"description":174,"path":175,"coverImage":176,"publishedAt":81,"order":78},"Nomadic Birds","Nomadic (irruptive) birds move irregularly and unpredictably between areas in response to fluctuating food supply, rather than following a fixed seasonal migration.","\u002Fslovar\u002Fkochuyushchie-ptitsy","\u002Fimages\u002Fslovar\u002Fkochuyushchie-ptitsy.png",{"title":178,"description":179,"path":180,"coverImage":181,"publishedAt":81,"order":78},"Passage Migrants","A passage migrant is a bird seen in a region only briefly, while traveling between a breeding range and a wintering range that both lie elsewhere.","\u002Fslovar\u002Fproletnye-ptitsy","\u002Fimages\u002Fslovar\u002Fproletnye-ptitsy.png",{"title":183,"description":184,"path":185,"coverImage":186,"publishedAt":81,"order":78},"Precocial and Altricial Birds","Precocial chicks hatch mobile, feathered, and able to feed themselves within hours; altricial chicks hatch blind, naked, and entirely dependent on their parents.","\u002Fslovar\u002Fvyvodkovye-i-ptencovye-ptitsy","\u002Fimages\u002Fslovar\u002Fvyvodkovye-i-ptencovye-ptitsy.png",{"title":188,"description":189,"path":190,"coverImage":191,"publishedAt":81,"order":78},"Range (Habitat Range)","A species' range is the total geographic area where it occurs, distinct from habitat, which describes the type of environment it uses within that area.","\u002Fslovar\u002Fareal-obitaniya","\u002Fimages\u002Fslovar\u002Fareal-obitaniya.png",{"title":193,"description":194,"path":195,"coverImage":196,"publishedAt":81,"order":78},"Resident Birds","Resident birds stay within the same general area year-round, neither migrating to a separate wintering range nor undertaking large nomadic movements.","\u002Fslovar\u002Fosedlye-ptitsy","\u002Fimages\u002Fslovar\u002Fosedlye-ptitsy.png",[],[199,200,201],{"label":85,"path":86,"description":87,"coverImage":171},{"label":89,"path":90,"description":91,"coverImage":107},{"label":93,"path":94,"description":95,"coverImage":202},"\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fobyknovenny-skvorets.png",1787114564481]