[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":216},["ShallowReactive",2],{"glossary_en:\u002Fslovar\u002Fpernatyi-hishchnik":3,"alt-locale:glossary_en:\u002Fslovar\u002Fpernatyi-hishchnik":112,"section-listing:glossary_en:\u002Fslovar":113,"section-listing:disabled":209,"related-covers:en:\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fkanyuk-obyknovenny|\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fseraya-neyasyt|\u002Fslovar\u002Fohrannyi-status-ptic":210},{"id":4,"title":5,"body":6,"coverImage":75,"description":76,"extension":77,"faq":78,"imagePrompt":85,"meta":86,"navigation":87,"order":88,"pageType":89,"path":90,"publishedAt":91,"readingMinutes":92,"relatedLinks":93,"seo":106,"sitemap":109,"stem":110,"tags":88,"updatedAt":88,"__hash__":111},"glossary_en\u002Fslovar\u002Fpernatyi-hishchnik.md","Bird of Prey (Raptor)",{"type":7,"value":8,"toc":69},"minimark",[9,14,51,54,58,61],[10,11,13],"h2",{"id":12},"what-defines-a-raptor","What defines a raptor",[15,16,17,21,22,25,26,29,30,35,36,40,41,45,46,50],"p",{},[18,19,20],"strong",{},"Bird of prey"," (or ",[18,23,24],{},"raptor",") is a functional term for birds that hunt and kill live vertebrate prey using a combination of strong, sharp-clawed feet — ",[18,27,28],{},"talons"," — and a hooked bill for tearing flesh. It is not a single taxonomic group: falcons like the ",[31,32,34],"a",{"href":33},"\u002Fen\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fobyknovennaya-pustelga","common kestrel",", hawks and eagles like the ",[31,37,39],{"href":38},"\u002Fen\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fkanyuk-obyknovenny","common buzzard"," and ",[31,42,44],{"href":43},"\u002Fen\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Forlan-belokhvost","white-tailed eagle",", and owls like the ",[31,47,49],{"href":48},"\u002Fen\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fseraya-neyasyt","tawny owl"," all count as raptors despite belonging to separate, only distantly related taxonomic orders.",[15,52,53],{},"What unites them is convergent evolution toward the same solution for the same problem — killing and processing live prey. Diurnal raptors (hawks, eagles, falcons) rely heavily on exceptional daytime vision, some of the sharpest in the animal kingdom, to spot prey from great distances or high altitude. Owls, hunting mainly at night, instead rely on extraordinarily sensitive hearing — aided in many species by an asymmetrical skull structure that helps pinpoint a sound's exact location — alongside large eyes adapted for low light.",[10,55,57],{"id":56},"ecological-role-and-conservation","Ecological role and conservation",[15,59,60],{},"Raptors typically sit near the top of local food webs as predators of smaller birds, mammals, and other vertebrates, which makes them sensitive indicators of wider ecosystem health: a decline in raptor numbers often signals a problem further down the food chain, whether prey scarcity, habitat loss, or — historically — the buildup of pesticides like DDT, which caused catastrophic eggshell-thinning declines across many raptor species in the mid-20th century before being banned in most countries.",[15,62,63,64,68],{},"Because raptors need relatively large hunting territories and often reproduce slowly, raising few young per year, several species carry elevated ",[31,65,67],{"href":66},"\u002Fen\u002Fslovar\u002Fohrannyi-status-ptic","conservation status"," despite occupying wide geographic ranges — a pattern seen in species like the white-tailed eagle, listed as Near Threatened despite a recovering population across much of its Eurasian range.",{"title":70,"searchDepth":71,"depth":71,"links":72},"",2,[73,74],{"id":12,"depth":71,"text":13},{"id":56,"depth":71,"text":57},"\u002Fimages\u002Fslovar\u002Fpernatyi-hishchnik.png","A bird of prey, or raptor, hunts live vertebrate prey using strong grasping feet and a hooked bill — a functional grouping spanning several unrelated families, including falcons, hawks, and owls.","md",[79,82],{"q":80,"a":81},"Are owls considered birds of prey?","Yes. 'Bird of prey' (raptor) is a functional category based on hunting live vertebrate prey with strong feet and a hooked bill, not a single taxonomic group — it spans diurnal hawks, eagles, and falcons as well as nocturnal owls, which belong to an entirely separate taxonomic order but share the same basic hunting toolkit and ecological role.",{"q":83,"a":84},"What features do all raptors share despite being unrelated?","Strong, sharp-clawed feet (talons) for seizing and killing prey, a hooked bill for tearing flesh, and typically excellent eyesight (or, in owls, hearing) for locating prey — this is a case of convergent evolution, where unrelated bird lineages independently evolved similar tools because they solve the same problem of hunting live animals.","Photorealistic wildlife photography, Buteo buteo common buzzard perched upright on a bare oak branch at woodland edge, powerful yellow talons gripping the bark, hooked dark bill and sharply focused amber eye giving an alert, watchful expression, mottled brown plumage with pale streaked underparts, soft-focus autumn farmland visible beyond the branch, warm low golden-hour light from camera-left, shallow depth of field, telephoto lens compression, 16:9",{},true,null,"glossary","\u002Fslovar\u002Fpernatyi-hishchnik","14.07.2026",1,[94,98,102],{"label":95,"path":96,"description":97},"Common buzzard","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fkanyuk-obyknovenny","A widespread diurnal raptor",{"label":99,"path":100,"description":101},"Grey (tawny) owl","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fseraya-neyasyt","A common nocturnal raptor",{"label":103,"path":104,"description":105},"Conservation status of birds","\u002Fslovar\u002Fohrannyi-status-ptic","Many raptor species face elevated conservation concern",{"title":107,"description":108},"Bird of Prey (Raptor) — what defines the group","What makes a bird a 'raptor': hunting live prey with talons and a hooked bill — a functional group spanning falcons, hawks, and owls.",{"loc":90},"slovar\u002Fpernatyi-hishchnik","a_drtbEQSloqWyGZQ3UzudMVHvWdw7cbTHCkZBrYYYw",{"ru":87,"es":87},[114,119,124,129,130,135,139,144,149,154,159,164,169,174,179,184,189,194,199,204],{"title":115,"description":116,"path":117,"coverImage":118,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Bird Feeder","A bird feeder provides supplementary food, most valuably in winter, and lets birdwatchers observe species up close — but it needs regular cleaning to avoid spreading disease.","\u002Fslovar\u002Fkormushka-dlya-ptic","\u002Fimages\u002Fslovar\u002Fkormushka-dlya-ptic.png",{"title":120,"description":121,"path":122,"coverImage":123,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Bird Migration","Bird migration is the regular, seasonal movement of birds between breeding and non-breeding ranges — driven by food availability and daylight, not simply cold weather.","\u002Fslovar\u002Fmigraciya-ptic","\u002Fimages\u002Fslovar\u002Fmigraciya-ptic.png",{"title":125,"description":126,"path":127,"coverImage":128,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Bird Ringing","Bird ringing (banding) attaches a small, uniquely numbered metal or plastic ring to a bird's leg, allowing individuals to be tracked across recaptures and sightings.","\u002Fslovar\u002Fkolcevanie-ptic","\u002Fimages\u002Fslovar\u002Fkolcevanie-ptic.png",{"title":5,"description":76,"path":90,"coverImage":75,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},{"title":131,"description":132,"path":133,"coverImage":134,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Birdwatching","Birdwatching is the recreational observation and identification of wild birds, ranging from casual garden watching to structured trips to specific sites and seasons.","\u002Fslovar\u002Fbirdwatching","\u002Fimages\u002Fslovar\u002Fbirdwatching.png",{"title":136,"description":137,"path":104,"coverImage":138,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Conservation Status of Birds (LC\u002FNT\u002FVU\u002FEN\u002FCR)","Conservation status is a standardized IUCN category — from Least Concern to Extinct — measuring how close a species is to disappearing across its entire range.","\u002Fimages\u002Fslovar\u002Fohrannyi-status-ptic.png",{"title":140,"description":141,"path":142,"coverImage":143,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Downy Chick","A downy chick is a hatchling covered in soft, fluffy natal down rather than true feathers — its exact appearance and mobility depend on whether the species is precocial or altricial.","\u002Fslovar\u002Fpuhovoi-ptenec","\u002Fimages\u002Fslovar\u002Fpuhovoi-ptenec.png",{"title":145,"description":146,"path":147,"coverImage":148,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Egg Clutch","A clutch is the full set of eggs a female bird lays in a single nesting attempt — its size varies by species from a single egg to over a dozen.","\u002Fslovar\u002Fkladka-yaic","\u002Fimages\u002Fslovar\u002Fkladka-yaic.png",{"title":150,"description":151,"path":152,"coverImage":153,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Egg Incubation","Incubation is the process of keeping eggs at a stable, warm temperature until they hatch, usually by direct body contact through a bare, blood-vessel-rich brood patch.","\u002Fslovar\u002Finkubaciya-yaic","\u002Fimages\u002Fslovar\u002Finkubaciya-yaic.png",{"title":155,"description":156,"path":157,"coverImage":158,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Endemic Species","An endemic species occurs naturally in one specific geographic area and nowhere else in the world, making it a priority for conservation attention.","\u002Fslovar\u002Fendemik","\u002Fimages\u002Fslovar\u002Fendemik.png",{"title":160,"description":161,"path":162,"coverImage":163,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Migration Flyway","A migration flyway is the broad geographic corridor a population of migratory birds consistently follows between breeding and wintering ranges, often shaped by coastlines and mountains.","\u002Fslovar\u002Fmigracionnyi-put","\u002Fimages\u002Fslovar\u002Fmigracionnyi-put.png",{"title":165,"description":166,"path":167,"coverImage":168,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Migratory Birds","Migratory birds leave their breeding range for a separate wintering range on a predictable seasonal schedule, returning to breed in the same area each spring.","\u002Fslovar\u002Fpereletnye-ptitsy","\u002Fimages\u002Fslovar\u002Fpereletnye-ptitsy.png",{"title":170,"description":171,"path":172,"coverImage":173,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Molt in Birds","Molt is the periodic shedding and replacement of feathers, essential for flight efficiency, insulation, and — in many species — seasonal changes in plumage color.","\u002Fslovar\u002Flinka-u-ptic","\u002Fimages\u002Fslovar\u002Flinka-u-ptic.png",{"title":175,"description":176,"path":177,"coverImage":178,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Nest Box","A nest box is an artificial cavity built to attract hole-nesting birds where natural tree cavities are scarce, from starling boxes to smaller tit and sparrow boxes.","\u002Fslovar\u002Fskvorechnik","\u002Fimages\u002Fslovar\u002Fskvorechnik.png",{"title":180,"description":181,"path":182,"coverImage":183,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Nesting","Nesting is the full process of building or selecting a nest site, laying and incubating eggs, and raising chicks to independence — behavior that varies enormously between bird families.","\u002Fslovar\u002Fgnezdovanie","\u002Fimages\u002Fslovar\u002Fgnezdovanie.png",{"title":185,"description":186,"path":187,"coverImage":188,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Nomadic Birds","Nomadic (irruptive) birds move irregularly and unpredictably between areas in response to fluctuating food supply, rather than following a fixed seasonal migration.","\u002Fslovar\u002Fkochuyushchie-ptitsy","\u002Fimages\u002Fslovar\u002Fkochuyushchie-ptitsy.png",{"title":190,"description":191,"path":192,"coverImage":193,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Passage Migrants","A passage migrant is a bird seen in a region only briefly, while traveling between a breeding range and a wintering range that both lie elsewhere.","\u002Fslovar\u002Fproletnye-ptitsy","\u002Fimages\u002Fslovar\u002Fproletnye-ptitsy.png",{"title":195,"description":196,"path":197,"coverImage":198,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Precocial and Altricial Birds","Precocial chicks hatch mobile, feathered, and able to feed themselves within hours; altricial chicks hatch blind, naked, and entirely dependent on their parents.","\u002Fslovar\u002Fvyvodkovye-i-ptencovye-ptitsy","\u002Fimages\u002Fslovar\u002Fvyvodkovye-i-ptencovye-ptitsy.png",{"title":200,"description":201,"path":202,"coverImage":203,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Range (Habitat Range)","A species' range is the total geographic area where it occurs, distinct from habitat, which describes the type of environment it uses within that area.","\u002Fslovar\u002Fareal-obitaniya","\u002Fimages\u002Fslovar\u002Fareal-obitaniya.png",{"title":205,"description":206,"path":207,"coverImage":208,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Resident Birds","Resident birds stay within the same general area year-round, neither migrating to a separate wintering range nor undertaking large nomadic movements.","\u002Fslovar\u002Fosedlye-ptitsy","\u002Fimages\u002Fslovar\u002Fosedlye-ptitsy.png",[],[211,213,215],{"label":95,"path":96,"description":97,"coverImage":212},"\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fkanyuk-obyknovenny.png",{"label":99,"path":100,"description":101,"coverImage":214},"\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fseraya-neyasyt.png",{"label":103,"path":104,"description":105,"coverImage":138},1787114564160]