[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":309},["ShallowReactive",2],{"atlas_en:\u002Fatlas\u002Frossiya\u002Faltayskiy-kray":3,"alt-locale:atlas_en:\u002Fatlas\u002Frossiya\u002Faltayskiy-kray":156,"section-listing:disabled":157,"related-covers:en:\u002Fatlas\u002Frossiya|\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy|\u002Fopredelitel":158,"section-listing:atlas_en:\u002Fatlas":164,"section-listing:atlas_en:\u002Fatlas\u002Frossiya":203,"section-collection:atlas_en":254},{"id":4,"title":5,"body":6,"coverImage":115,"description":116,"extension":117,"faq":118,"imagePrompt":128,"meta":129,"navigation":130,"order":131,"pageType":132,"path":133,"publishedAt":134,"readingMinutes":135,"region":136,"relatedLinks":137,"seo":150,"sitemap":153,"stem":154,"updatedAt":131,"__hash__":155},"atlas_en\u002Fatlas\u002Frossiya\u002Faltayskiy-kray.md","Birds of Altai Krai",{"type":7,"value":8,"toc":107},"minimark",[9,14,23,26,30,49,77,81,100,104],[10,11,13],"h2",{"id":12},"forest-steppe-ribbon-forests-and-the-kulunda-lakes","Forest-steppe, ribbon forests, and the Kulunda lakes",[15,16,17,18,22],"p",{},"Altai Krai occupies a broad stretch of the upper Ob river basin in southern Siberia, its landscape transitioning from forest-steppe in the east toward the open, almost treeless Kulunda steppe further west, near the border with Kazakhstan. The region's most distinctive habitat feature is its network of ",[19,20,21],"strong",{},"ribbon pine forests",", narrow bands of pine woodland stretching for tens of kilometers across the open steppe along ancient glacial meltwater channels, giving forest bird species an unusual corridor of habitat deep into otherwise open country.",[15,24,25],{},"The Kulunda plain also contains many thousands of shallow lakes, some fresh and some saline, scattered across the steppe and providing an important concentration of open-water and wetland habitat in a landscape that would otherwise offer little for waterbirds. This combination of forest-steppe, ribbon pine forest, and steppe lakes gives Altai Krai one of the more varied bird communities among Russia's southern Siberian regions.",[10,27,29],{"id":28},"typical-species-of-the-region","Typical species of the region",[15,31,32,33,38,39,43,44,48],{},"Open steppe and farmland across the region support the ",[34,35,37],"a",{"href":36},"\u002Fen\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fpolevoy-zhavoronok","Eurasian skylark",", whose song-flight display over open grassland is one of the most characteristic sounds of the Altai Krai steppe through spring and summer, and the ",[34,40,42],{"href":41},"\u002Fen\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fchibis","northern lapwing",", which breeds in damp meadows and field margins across the region. The ",[34,45,47],{"href":46},"\u002Fen\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fgrach","rook",", highly colonial and closely tied to farmland, is common across the region's cultivated areas, often nesting in the ribbon pine forests themselves despite hunting mainly over open fields.",[15,50,51,52,56,57,61,62,66,67,71,72,76],{},"The Kulunda steppe's many shallow lakes attract the ",[34,53,55],{"href":54},"\u002Fen\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fsery-gus","greylag goose"," in substantial numbers during breeding and migration, alongside the ",[34,58,60],{"href":59},"\u002Fen\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fkryakva","mallard"," and the ",[34,63,65],{"href":64},"\u002Fen\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fozernaya-chaika","black-headed gull",", which nests colonially on lake islands and marshy margins throughout the region. Where ribbon pine forest breaks up the open steppe, the ",[34,68,70],{"href":69},"\u002Fen\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fbolshoy-pyostry-dyatel","great spotted woodpecker"," and ",[34,73,75],{"href":74},"\u002Fen\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fvoron","common raven"," find suitable habitat within otherwise treeless surroundings.",[10,78,80],{"id":79},"seasonality","Seasonality",[15,82,83,84,87,88,91,92,95,96,99],{},"Spring migration arrives across Altai Krai from ",[19,85,86],{},"late March through May",", with geese and other waterbirds among the earliest returning migrants to the Kulunda lakes as the ice breaks up, and steppe passerines establishing territories through ",[19,89,90],{},"April and May",". Breeding activity peaks through ",[19,93,94],{},"June",", taking advantage of the region's warm, sunny continental summer. Autumn migration runs from ",[19,97,98],{},"August through September",", with the Kulunda lakes again serving as an important staging area for geese and other waterbirds moving south ahead of the region's cold, dry continental winter, during which open steppe habitat supports very little bird activity outside sheltered ribbon forest.",[10,101,103],{"id":102},"conservation-notes","Conservation notes",[15,105,106],{},"The Kulunda steppe's many lakes face pressure from agricultural water use and periodic drought cycles typical of the wider West Siberian steppe, both of which can reduce the extent of shallow-water habitat available to breeding and staging waterbirds in dry years. The ribbon pine forests, unique to this part of Siberia and providing forest habitat within an otherwise open landscape, remain a conservation priority given their role as habitat corridors and their vulnerability to fire and logging pressure in a region where natural forest cover is already scarce.",{"title":108,"searchDepth":109,"depth":109,"links":110},"",2,[111,112,113,114],{"id":12,"depth":109,"text":13},{"id":28,"depth":109,"text":29},{"id":79,"depth":109,"text":80},{"id":102,"depth":109,"text":103},"\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Frossiya\u002Faltayskiy-kray.png","Altai Krai's forest-steppe landscape, unique ribbon pine forests, and thousands of steppe lakes make it one of southern Siberia's most productive regions for both open-country and waterbird species.","md",[119,122,125],{"q":120,"a":121},"What are Altai Krai's ribbon pine forests?","The **ribbon pine forests** (lentochnye bory) are a distinctive feature of Altai Krai's landscape: narrow, elongated bands of pine forest running for tens of kilometers across the otherwise open Kulunda steppe, believed to follow ancient river channels left by glacial meltwater, and providing forest-associated bird species with habitat corridors deep into a landscape that would otherwise be almost entirely treeless.",{"q":123,"a":124},"Why does Altai Krai matter for waterbirds despite being a steppe region?","The Kulunda plain in the west of Altai Krai contains many thousands of shallow steppe lakes, both fresh and saline, that provide breeding and staging habitat for geese, ducks, and gulls in a region that otherwise consists mainly of open grassland and farmland, making these lakes disproportionately important concentration points for the region's waterbirds.",{"q":126,"a":127},"Is Altai Krai the same as the Altai Republic?","No — Altai Krai is a separate, lower-lying region to the north and west of the mountainous Altai Republic, dominated by forest-steppe and steppe habitat along the upper Ob river basin rather than the high mountain terrain associated with the Altai Republic itself, giving the two regions distinctly different bird communities despite the similar name.","Photorealistic nature photo, Anser anser greylag goose standing prominently in the foreground on the shore of a shallow steppe lake in the Kulunda plain of Altai Krai, neck raised alert, grey-brown plumage with a bright orange bill, sharp focus on the eye, soft-focus background of resting flock mates and a narrow ribbon pine forest on the horizon beyond open grassland, bright open steppe daylight, 16:9",{},true,null,"atlas","\u002Fatlas\u002Frossiya\u002Faltayskiy-kray","28.07.2026",1,"Altai Krai, Russia",[138,142,146],{"label":139,"path":140,"description":141},"Birds of Russia","\u002Fatlas\u002Frossiya","Overview of bird life across Russia's regions",{"label":143,"path":144,"description":145},"Species catalogue","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy","Browse all bird species covered in the atlas",{"label":147,"path":148,"description":149},"Bird identifier","\u002Fopredelitel","Identify a bird you've seen by color, size, beak shape, habitat, and season",{"title":151,"description":152},"Birds of Altai Krai — steppe, ribbon forest, and lake species","A birdwatching guide to Altai Krai: forest-steppe, unique ribbon pine forests, and thousands of steppe lakes in southern Siberia's Ob river basin.",{"loc":133},"atlas\u002Frossiya\u002Faltayskiy-kray","ulCULTH-Cv1RF15ExZPPXKevY_ACWsizXMNtjYk5snc",{"ru":130,"es":130},[],[159,161,162],{"label":139,"path":140,"description":141,"coverImage":160},"\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Frossiya.png",{"label":143,"path":144,"description":145,"coverImage":131},{"label":147,"path":148,"description":149,"coverImage":163},"\u002Fimages\u002Fopredelitel\u002Findex.png",[165,171,176,181,186,191,196,198],{"title":166,"description":167,"path":168,"coverImage":169,"publishedAt":170,"order":131},"Bird Distribution Maps","Distribution maps show where a species breeds, winters, and passes through on migration — and reading them well is one of the fastest ways to judge whether a sighting makes sense.","\u002Fatlas\u002Fkarty-rasprostraneniya","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Fkarty-rasprostraneniya.png","14.07.2026",{"title":172,"description":173,"path":174,"coverImage":175,"publishedAt":170,"order":131},"Birds of Africa","Africa's savanna, rainforest, desert, and Rift Valley lakes support one of the richest bird faunas on Earth, and serve as the wintering grounds for huge numbers of European and Asian migrants.","\u002Fatlas\u002Fafrika","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Fafrika.png",{"title":177,"description":178,"path":179,"coverImage":180,"publishedAt":170,"order":131},"Birds of Asia","Asia stretches from Siberian taiga through Central Asian steppe and desert to the monsoon forests of the south and east, making it the most ecologically varied region in this atlas.","\u002Fatlas\u002Faziya","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Faziya.png",{"title":182,"description":183,"path":184,"coverImage":185,"publishedAt":170,"order":131},"Birds of Australia and Oceania","Long isolation has given Australia and the Pacific islands a bird fauna dominated by unique local lineages, from parrots and honeyeaters to the flightless birds of remote island groups.","\u002Fatlas\u002Favstraliya-i-okeaniya","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Favstraliya-i-okeaniya.png",{"title":187,"description":188,"path":189,"coverImage":190,"publishedAt":170,"order":131},"Birds of Europe","From Atlantic coastlines to Alpine peaks, Europe packs an unusually wide range of bird habitats into a relatively compact area.","\u002Fatlas\u002Fevropa","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Fevropa.png",{"title":192,"description":193,"path":194,"coverImage":195,"publishedAt":170,"order":131},"Birds of North America","North America stretches from Arctic tundra to subtropical wetland, and shares a surprising number of species and close relatives with the Eurasian sections of this atlas.","\u002Fatlas\u002Fsevernaya-amerika","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Fsevernaya-amerika.png",{"title":139,"description":197,"path":140,"coverImage":160,"publishedAt":170,"order":131},"Russia spans eleven time zones and habitats from Baltic wetlands to Far Eastern taiga, giving it one of the most varied bird faunas of any single country in this atlas.",{"title":199,"description":200,"path":201,"coverImage":202,"publishedAt":170,"order":131},"Birds of South America","South America holds the richest bird fauna of any continent, from Amazon rainforest to Andean peaks and Patagonian steppe, and hosts many wintering songbirds and shorebirds from further north.","\u002Fatlas\u002Fyuzhnaya-amerika","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Fyuzhnaya-amerika.png",[204,205,210,215,220,226,231,237,243,249],{"title":5,"description":116,"path":133,"coverImage":115,"publishedAt":134,"order":131},{"title":206,"description":207,"path":208,"coverImage":209,"publishedAt":170,"order":131},"Birds of Krasnodar Krai","Krasnodar Krai's warm Black Sea coast, Kuban River wetlands, and Caucasus foothills give it one of the mildest climates and richest winter bird communities in Russia.","\u002Fatlas\u002Frossiya\u002Fkrasnodarskiy-kray","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Frossiya\u002Fkrasnodarskiy-kray.png",{"title":211,"description":212,"path":213,"coverImage":214,"publishedAt":170,"order":131},"Birds of Leningrad Oblast","Leningrad Oblast's Baltic coastline, taiga forest, and countless lakes and bogs make it one of the richest wetland and forest birding regions in northwestern Russia.","\u002Fatlas\u002Frossiya\u002Fleningradskaya-oblast","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Frossiya\u002Fleningradskaya-oblast.png",{"title":216,"description":217,"path":218,"coverImage":219,"publishedAt":170,"order":131},"Birds of Moscow Oblast","Moscow Oblast's mix of mixed forest, farmland, rivers, and city parks supports a rich resident and migratory bird community within easy reach of Russia's capital.","\u002Fatlas\u002Frossiya\u002Fmoskovskaya-oblast","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Frossiya\u002Fmoskovskaya-oblast.png",{"title":221,"description":222,"path":223,"coverImage":224,"publishedAt":225,"order":131},"Birds of Novosibirsk Oblast","Novosibirsk Oblast's Baraba steppe wetlands, the Ob river, and the vast Ob Sea reservoir make it one of West Siberia's most productive regions for steppe and waterbird species.","\u002Fatlas\u002Frossiya\u002Fnovosibirskaya-oblast","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Frossiya\u002Fnovosibirskaya-oblast.png","05.08.2026",{"title":227,"description":228,"path":229,"coverImage":230,"publishedAt":170,"order":131},"Birds of Primorsky Krai","Primorsky Krai's temperate forests on the shores of the Sea of Japan sit at the meeting point of Siberian and East Asian bird faunas, making it one of Russia's most distinctive birding regions.","\u002Fatlas\u002Frossiya\u002Fprimorskiy-kray","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Frossiya\u002Fprimorskiy-kray.png",{"title":232,"description":233,"path":234,"coverImage":235,"publishedAt":236,"order":131},"Birds of Rostov Oblast","Rostov Oblast's Don river delta, Sea of Azov coastline, and steppe lake systems make it one of southern Russia's key wetland and steppe birding regions along the Sea of Azov flyway.","\u002Fatlas\u002Frossiya\u002Frostovskaya-oblast","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Frossiya\u002Frostovskaya-oblast.png","03.08.2026",{"title":238,"description":239,"path":240,"coverImage":241,"publishedAt":242,"order":131},"Birds of Sverdlovsk Oblast","Sverdlovsk Oblast straddles the low, forested ridges of the Middle Urals on the boundary between Europe and Asia, its dense taiga and river valleys supporting a classic boreal forest bird community.","\u002Fatlas\u002Frossiya\u002Fsverdlovskaya-oblast","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Frossiya\u002Fsverdlovskaya-oblast.png","27.07.2026",{"title":244,"description":245,"path":246,"coverImage":247,"publishedAt":248,"order":131},"Birds of the Republic of Crimea","Crimea's mix of Black Sea and Sea of Azov coastline, the vast Sivash wetland, and a warm Mediterranean-influenced south coast make it one of the most important birding regions on Russia's southern flyway.","\u002Fatlas\u002Frossiya\u002Frespublika-krym","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Frossiya\u002Frespublika-krym.png","30.07.2026",{"title":250,"description":251,"path":252,"coverImage":253,"publishedAt":170,"order":131},"Birds of the Republic of Karelia","Karelia's dense boreal forest, thousands of lakes, and long northern summer days make it one of Russia's premier destinations for taiga and wetland birdwatching.","\u002Fatlas\u002Frossiya\u002Frespublika-kareliya","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Frossiya\u002Frespublika-kareliya.png",[255,261,262,263,264,265,270,271,276,281,282,287,292,293,294,295,296,297,298,299,300,301,302,303,304],{"title":256,"description":257,"path":258,"coverImage":259,"publishedAt":260,"order":131},"Bird Atlas by Region","Explore bird life region by region across Europe, Asia, Africa, the Americas, Australia and Oceania — with typical species and best places to watch.","\u002Fatlas","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Findex.png","13.07.2026",{"title":166,"description":167,"path":168,"coverImage":169,"publishedAt":170,"order":131},{"title":172,"description":173,"path":174,"coverImage":175,"publishedAt":170,"order":131},{"title":5,"description":116,"path":133,"coverImage":115,"publishedAt":134,"order":131},{"title":177,"description":178,"path":179,"coverImage":180,"publishedAt":170,"order":131},{"title":266,"description":267,"path":268,"coverImage":269,"publishedAt":170,"order":131},"Birds of Australia","Australia's long isolation produced one of the world's most distinctive bird faunas, from parrots and honeyeaters in eucalyptus woodland to seabirds along its enormous coastline.","\u002Fatlas\u002Favstraliya-i-okeaniya\u002Favstraliya","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Favstraliya-i-okeaniya\u002Favstraliya.png",{"title":182,"description":183,"path":184,"coverImage":185,"publishedAt":170,"order":131},{"title":272,"description":273,"path":274,"coverImage":275,"publishedAt":170,"order":131},"Birds of Brazil","Brazil holds most of the Amazon basin, the vast Pantanal wetland, and a long Atlantic coastline, giving it the highest bird species count of any country on Earth.","\u002Fatlas\u002Fyuzhnaya-amerika\u002Fbraziliya","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Fyuzhnaya-amerika\u002Fbraziliya.png",{"title":277,"description":278,"path":279,"coverImage":280,"publishedAt":170,"order":131},"Birds of China","China's enormous range of climate zones and its position on the East Asian-Australasian Flyway make it one of the most consequential countries in the world for migratory bird conservation.","\u002Fatlas\u002Faziya\u002Fkitay","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Faziya\u002Fkitay.png",{"title":187,"description":188,"path":189,"coverImage":190,"publishedAt":170,"order":131},{"title":283,"description":284,"path":285,"coverImage":286,"publishedAt":170,"order":131},"Birds of Germany","Germany's Baltic and North Sea coasts, lowland farmland, and Alpine foothills give it one of the most varied and well-documented bird communities in central Europe.","\u002Fatlas\u002Fevropa\u002Fgermaniya","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Fevropa\u002Fgermaniya.png",{"title":288,"description":289,"path":290,"coverImage":291,"publishedAt":170,"order":131},"Birds of Kenya","Kenya's savanna, Rift Valley lakes, montane forest, and Indian Ocean coast give it one of the highest bird diversities of any country in Africa, plus an important role for European migrants.","\u002Fatlas\u002Fafrika\u002Fkeniya","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Fafrika\u002Fkeniya.png",{"title":206,"description":207,"path":208,"coverImage":209,"publishedAt":170,"order":131},{"title":211,"description":212,"path":213,"coverImage":214,"publishedAt":170,"order":131},{"title":216,"description":217,"path":218,"coverImage":219,"publishedAt":170,"order":131},{"title":192,"description":193,"path":194,"coverImage":195,"publishedAt":170,"order":131},{"title":221,"description":222,"path":223,"coverImage":224,"publishedAt":225,"order":131},{"title":227,"description":228,"path":229,"coverImage":230,"publishedAt":170,"order":131},{"title":232,"description":233,"path":234,"coverImage":235,"publishedAt":236,"order":131},{"title":139,"description":197,"path":140,"coverImage":160,"publishedAt":170,"order":131},{"title":199,"description":200,"path":201,"coverImage":202,"publishedAt":170,"order":131},{"title":238,"description":239,"path":240,"coverImage":241,"publishedAt":242,"order":131},{"title":244,"description":245,"path":246,"coverImage":247,"publishedAt":248,"order":131},{"title":250,"description":251,"path":252,"coverImage":253,"publishedAt":170,"order":131},{"title":305,"description":306,"path":307,"coverImage":308,"publishedAt":170,"order":131},"Birds of the United States","From Alaskan tundra to Florida wetland, the United States spans an enormous range of bird habitats connected by well-defined migratory flyways used by hundreds of species each year.","\u002Fatlas\u002Fsevernaya-amerika\u002Fssha","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Fsevernaya-amerika\u002Fssha.png",1787114552038]