[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":294},["ShallowReactive",2],{"atlas_en:\u002Fatlas\u002Fkarty-rasprostraneniya":3,"alt-locale:atlas_en:\u002Fatlas\u002Fkarty-rasprostraneniya":150,"section-listing:atlas_en:\u002Fatlas":151,"section-listing:atlas_en:\u002Fatlas\u002Fkarty-rasprostraneniya":188,"related-covers:en:\u002Fatlas|\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy|\u002Fopredelitel":189,"section-listing:disabled":195,"section-collection:atlas_en":196},{"id":4,"title":5,"body":6,"coverImage":110,"description":111,"extension":112,"faq":113,"imagePrompt":123,"meta":124,"navigation":125,"order":126,"pageType":127,"path":128,"publishedAt":129,"readingMinutes":130,"region":126,"relatedLinks":131,"seo":144,"sitemap":147,"stem":148,"updatedAt":126,"__hash__":149},"atlas_en\u002Fatlas\u002Fkarty-rasprostraneniya.md","Bird Distribution Maps",{"type":7,"value":8,"toc":102},"minimark",[9,14,27,34,38,45,58,62,75,90,94],[10,11,13],"h2",{"id":12},"what-a-distribution-map-actually-shows","What a distribution map actually shows",[15,16,17,18,22,23,26],"p",{},"A bird distribution map is a compact summary of where a species occurs and when, condensing information that would otherwise take paragraphs of text into a single visual reference. At minimum, a useful map distinguishes between a ",[19,20,21],"strong",{},"breeding range"," — where a species nests and raises young — and a ",[19,24,25],{},"wintering range",", the separate area, often much further south, where the same population spends the colder months when its breeding grounds become too cold or food-poor to support it.",[15,28,29,30,33],{},"For species that don't migrate at all, maps instead show a single ",[19,31,32],{},"resident range",", one continuous zone occupied year-round rather than two separate areas connected by seasonal movement. Getting these categories right matters for identification: a sighting that falls squarely within a resident range at any time of year is unremarkable, while the same species turning up well outside its known range or season is worth a second look, and possibly a report to a local birdwatching network.",[10,35,37],{"id":36},"reading-migration-routes-between-ranges","Reading migration routes between ranges",[15,39,40,41,44],{},"Between a breeding range and a wintering range, many maps also draw a ",[19,42,43],{},"migration route"," — the general corridor a population follows twice a year as it moves between the two. These routes are rarely a single straight line; they often follow coastlines, river valleys, or mountain passes that offer easier flying conditions, reliable stopover food, or shelter from prevailing winds, and different populations of the same species can follow entirely different routes depending on where within the breeding range they nest.",[15,46,47,48,53,54,57],{},"The ",[49,50,52],"a",{"href":51},"\u002Fen\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fsery-gus","greylag goose"," illustrates this well: populations breeding across Russia's steppe and forest-steppe zone are substantially migratory, present on their breeding grounds from ",[19,55,56],{},"March to October"," and wintering around the Mediterranean, Black Sea, and Caspian coasts, while feral and reintroduced populations in milder parts of Western Europe have become largely resident, staying on the same lakes and parks all year. A single species map, in other words, sometimes needs to show more than one range type at once.",[10,59,61],{"id":60},"why-some-species-show-no-clear-pattern-at-all","Why some species show no clear pattern at all",[15,63,64,65,69,70,74],{},"Not every species fits neatly into resident, migratory, or partially migratory categories. The ",[49,66,68],{"href":67},"\u002Fen\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fkryakva","mallard"," is a good example of a species best described as resident across most of its enormous range, with only its northernmost populations shifting short distances south in the harshest winters, while the ",[49,71,73],{"href":72},"\u002Fen\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Flebed-shipun","mute swan"," shows a similar pattern — resident through most of its temperate range, with only the coldest continental populations moving when home waters freeze solid. Maps for these species tend to show one large resident zone with a note about partial movement at the range edges rather than a clean two-region breeding-and-wintering pattern.",[15,76,47,77,81,82,84,85,89],{},[49,78,80],{"href":79},"\u002Fen\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy\u002Fseraya-tsaplya","grey heron"," sits somewhere in between: broadly resident in milder western and southern parts of its range, but genuinely migratory further east and north across colder, more continental parts of Russia, present there only from roughly ",[19,83,56],{},". This kind of within-species variation is exactly why regional pages in this atlas — organized by ",[49,86,88],{"href":87},"\u002Fen\u002Fatlas","Russia, Europe, Asia, Africa, and the Americas"," — matter as much as species-level range maps: the same bird can behave quite differently depending on where in its range you're watching it.",[10,91,93],{"id":92},"using-range-and-season-together-with-the-identifier","Using range and season together with the identifier",[15,95,96,97,101],{},"Range and season are two of the five core criteria used throughout this atlas's ",[49,98,100],{"href":99},"\u002Fen\u002Fopredelitel","bird identifier",", alongside color, size, and beak shape. A distribution map answers a narrower but very practical question — is this species even plausible here, at this time of year — before the finer identification work of comparing plumage and structure begins. As more regional and country pages are added to the atlas, this page will continue to serve as the reference point for how to interpret the range and season information given on every species profile.",{"title":103,"searchDepth":104,"depth":104,"links":105},"",2,[106,107,108,109],{"id":12,"depth":104,"text":13},{"id":36,"depth":104,"text":37},{"id":60,"depth":104,"text":61},{"id":92,"depth":104,"text":93},"\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Fkarty-rasprostraneniya.png","Distribution maps show where a species breeds, winters, and passes through on migration — and reading them well is one of the fastest ways to judge whether a sighting makes sense.","md",[114,117,120],{"q":115,"a":116},"What's the difference between a breeding range and a wintering range on a map?","A breeding range shows where a species raises young, typically occupied only during spring and summer for migratory birds, while a wintering range shows where the same population spends the colder months, often much further south; migratory routes connect the two, and a species present in a location only during migration will show up in neither the breeding nor wintering range for that spot, only along the connecting route.",{"q":118,"a":119},"Why do some species on the same map show a resident range instead of separate breeding and wintering ranges?","A resident range means the population stays in essentially the same area year-round rather than shifting between distinct breeding and wintering grounds, as with the mallard and mute swan across most of their range, so the map shows one continuous zone rather than two separate ones connected by migration arrows.",{"q":121,"a":122},"Can a single species have different range types in different parts of its distribution?","Yes, and this is one of the most common sources of confusion when reading maps — a species like the greylag goose or grey heron can be resident in the milder parts of its range while populations further north or east in the same species are fully migratory, so a distribution map needs separate shading or symbols for different regional populations of the same bird rather than one blanket range type for the whole species.","Photorealistic nature photo, a flock of greylag geese flying in a loose V-formation over a patchwork landscape of wetland and farmland at dawn, a mute swan resting on a still lake below, layered mist over the water catching early golden light, distant tree line silhouetted against a pale sky, 16:9",{},true,null,"atlas","\u002Fatlas\u002Fkarty-rasprostraneniya","14.07.2026",1,[132,136,140],{"label":133,"path":134,"description":135},"Atlas by region","\u002Fatlas","Explore bird life region by region across seven world regions",{"label":137,"path":138,"description":139},"Species catalogue","\u002Fvidy-ptic\u002Fvidy","Browse all bird species covered in the atlas, including season and range details",{"label":141,"path":142,"description":143},"Bird identifier","\u002Fopredelitel","Identify a bird you've seen by color, size, beak shape, habitat, and season",{"title":145,"description":146},"Bird Distribution Maps — how to read range and migration","How bird distribution maps work: breeding range, wintering range, migration routes, and resident zones, with examples from species across this atlas.",{"loc":128},"atlas\u002Fkarty-rasprostraneniya","xh4tTsrUyVBIFKhwHNvLCF6aEsEaOo68FoRuVM5xn-8",{"ru":125,"es":125},[152,153,158,163,168,173,178,183],{"title":5,"description":111,"path":128,"coverImage":110,"publishedAt":129,"order":126},{"title":154,"description":155,"path":156,"coverImage":157,"publishedAt":129,"order":126},"Birds of Africa","Africa's savanna, rainforest, desert, and Rift Valley lakes support one of the richest bird faunas on Earth, and serve as the wintering grounds for huge numbers of European and Asian migrants.","\u002Fatlas\u002Fafrika","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Fafrika.png",{"title":159,"description":160,"path":161,"coverImage":162,"publishedAt":129,"order":126},"Birds of Asia","Asia stretches from Siberian taiga through Central Asian steppe and desert to the monsoon forests of the south and east, making it the most ecologically varied region in this atlas.","\u002Fatlas\u002Faziya","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Faziya.png",{"title":164,"description":165,"path":166,"coverImage":167,"publishedAt":129,"order":126},"Birds of Australia and Oceania","Long isolation has given Australia and the Pacific islands a bird fauna dominated by unique local lineages, from parrots and honeyeaters to the flightless birds of remote island groups.","\u002Fatlas\u002Favstraliya-i-okeaniya","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Favstraliya-i-okeaniya.png",{"title":169,"description":170,"path":171,"coverImage":172,"publishedAt":129,"order":126},"Birds of Europe","From Atlantic coastlines to Alpine peaks, Europe packs an unusually wide range of bird habitats into a relatively compact area.","\u002Fatlas\u002Fevropa","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Fevropa.png",{"title":174,"description":175,"path":176,"coverImage":177,"publishedAt":129,"order":126},"Birds of North America","North America stretches from Arctic tundra to subtropical wetland, and shares a surprising number of species and close relatives with the Eurasian sections of this atlas.","\u002Fatlas\u002Fsevernaya-amerika","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Fsevernaya-amerika.png",{"title":179,"description":180,"path":181,"coverImage":182,"publishedAt":129,"order":126},"Birds of Russia","Russia spans eleven time zones and habitats from Baltic wetlands to Far Eastern taiga, giving it one of the most varied bird faunas of any single country in this atlas.","\u002Fatlas\u002Frossiya","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Frossiya.png",{"title":184,"description":185,"path":186,"coverImage":187,"publishedAt":129,"order":126},"Birds of South America","South America holds the richest bird fauna of any continent, from Amazon rainforest to Andean peaks and Patagonian steppe, and hosts many wintering songbirds and shorebirds from further north.","\u002Fatlas\u002Fyuzhnaya-amerika","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Fyuzhnaya-amerika.png",[],[190,192,193],{"label":133,"path":134,"description":135,"coverImage":191},"\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Findex.png",{"label":137,"path":138,"description":139,"coverImage":126},{"label":141,"path":142,"description":143,"coverImage":194},"\u002Fimages\u002Fopredelitel\u002Findex.png",[],[197,201,202,203,209,210,215,216,221,226,227,232,237,242,247,252,253,259,264,270,271,272,278,284,289],{"title":198,"description":199,"path":134,"coverImage":191,"publishedAt":200,"order":126},"Bird Atlas by Region","Explore bird life region by region across Europe, Asia, Africa, the Americas, Australia and Oceania — with typical species and best places to watch.","13.07.2026",{"title":5,"description":111,"path":128,"coverImage":110,"publishedAt":129,"order":126},{"title":154,"description":155,"path":156,"coverImage":157,"publishedAt":129,"order":126},{"title":204,"description":205,"path":206,"coverImage":207,"publishedAt":208,"order":126},"Birds of Altai Krai","Altai Krai's forest-steppe landscape, unique ribbon pine forests, and thousands of steppe lakes make it one of southern Siberia's most productive regions for both open-country and waterbird species.","\u002Fatlas\u002Frossiya\u002Faltayskiy-kray","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Frossiya\u002Faltayskiy-kray.png","28.07.2026",{"title":159,"description":160,"path":161,"coverImage":162,"publishedAt":129,"order":126},{"title":211,"description":212,"path":213,"coverImage":214,"publishedAt":129,"order":126},"Birds of Australia","Australia's long isolation produced one of the world's most distinctive bird faunas, from parrots and honeyeaters in eucalyptus woodland to seabirds along its enormous coastline.","\u002Fatlas\u002Favstraliya-i-okeaniya\u002Favstraliya","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Favstraliya-i-okeaniya\u002Favstraliya.png",{"title":164,"description":165,"path":166,"coverImage":167,"publishedAt":129,"order":126},{"title":217,"description":218,"path":219,"coverImage":220,"publishedAt":129,"order":126},"Birds of Brazil","Brazil holds most of the Amazon basin, the vast Pantanal wetland, and a long Atlantic coastline, giving it the highest bird species count of any country on Earth.","\u002Fatlas\u002Fyuzhnaya-amerika\u002Fbraziliya","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Fyuzhnaya-amerika\u002Fbraziliya.png",{"title":222,"description":223,"path":224,"coverImage":225,"publishedAt":129,"order":126},"Birds of China","China's enormous range of climate zones and its position on the East Asian-Australasian Flyway make it one of the most consequential countries in the world for migratory bird conservation.","\u002Fatlas\u002Faziya\u002Fkitay","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Faziya\u002Fkitay.png",{"title":169,"description":170,"path":171,"coverImage":172,"publishedAt":129,"order":126},{"title":228,"description":229,"path":230,"coverImage":231,"publishedAt":129,"order":126},"Birds of Germany","Germany's Baltic and North Sea coasts, lowland farmland, and Alpine foothills give it one of the most varied and well-documented bird communities in central Europe.","\u002Fatlas\u002Fevropa\u002Fgermaniya","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Fevropa\u002Fgermaniya.png",{"title":233,"description":234,"path":235,"coverImage":236,"publishedAt":129,"order":126},"Birds of Kenya","Kenya's savanna, Rift Valley lakes, montane forest, and Indian Ocean coast give it one of the highest bird diversities of any country in Africa, plus an important role for European migrants.","\u002Fatlas\u002Fafrika\u002Fkeniya","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Fafrika\u002Fkeniya.png",{"title":238,"description":239,"path":240,"coverImage":241,"publishedAt":129,"order":126},"Birds of Krasnodar Krai","Krasnodar Krai's warm Black Sea coast, Kuban River wetlands, and Caucasus foothills give it one of the mildest climates and richest winter bird communities in Russia.","\u002Fatlas\u002Frossiya\u002Fkrasnodarskiy-kray","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Frossiya\u002Fkrasnodarskiy-kray.png",{"title":243,"description":244,"path":245,"coverImage":246,"publishedAt":129,"order":126},"Birds of Leningrad Oblast","Leningrad Oblast's Baltic coastline, taiga forest, and countless lakes and bogs make it one of the richest wetland and forest birding regions in northwestern Russia.","\u002Fatlas\u002Frossiya\u002Fleningradskaya-oblast","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Frossiya\u002Fleningradskaya-oblast.png",{"title":248,"description":249,"path":250,"coverImage":251,"publishedAt":129,"order":126},"Birds of Moscow Oblast","Moscow Oblast's mix of mixed forest, farmland, rivers, and city parks supports a rich resident and migratory bird community within easy reach of Russia's capital.","\u002Fatlas\u002Frossiya\u002Fmoskovskaya-oblast","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Frossiya\u002Fmoskovskaya-oblast.png",{"title":174,"description":175,"path":176,"coverImage":177,"publishedAt":129,"order":126},{"title":254,"description":255,"path":256,"coverImage":257,"publishedAt":258,"order":126},"Birds of Novosibirsk Oblast","Novosibirsk Oblast's Baraba steppe wetlands, the Ob river, and the vast Ob Sea reservoir make it one of West Siberia's most productive regions for steppe and waterbird species.","\u002Fatlas\u002Frossiya\u002Fnovosibirskaya-oblast","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Frossiya\u002Fnovosibirskaya-oblast.png","05.08.2026",{"title":260,"description":261,"path":262,"coverImage":263,"publishedAt":129,"order":126},"Birds of Primorsky Krai","Primorsky Krai's temperate forests on the shores of the Sea of Japan sit at the meeting point of Siberian and East Asian bird faunas, making it one of Russia's most distinctive birding regions.","\u002Fatlas\u002Frossiya\u002Fprimorskiy-kray","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Frossiya\u002Fprimorskiy-kray.png",{"title":265,"description":266,"path":267,"coverImage":268,"publishedAt":269,"order":126},"Birds of Rostov Oblast","Rostov Oblast's Don river delta, Sea of Azov coastline, and steppe lake systems make it one of southern Russia's key wetland and steppe birding regions along the Sea of Azov flyway.","\u002Fatlas\u002Frossiya\u002Frostovskaya-oblast","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Frossiya\u002Frostovskaya-oblast.png","03.08.2026",{"title":179,"description":180,"path":181,"coverImage":182,"publishedAt":129,"order":126},{"title":184,"description":185,"path":186,"coverImage":187,"publishedAt":129,"order":126},{"title":273,"description":274,"path":275,"coverImage":276,"publishedAt":277,"order":126},"Birds of Sverdlovsk Oblast","Sverdlovsk Oblast straddles the low, forested ridges of the Middle Urals on the boundary between Europe and Asia, its dense taiga and river valleys supporting a classic boreal forest bird community.","\u002Fatlas\u002Frossiya\u002Fsverdlovskaya-oblast","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Frossiya\u002Fsverdlovskaya-oblast.png","27.07.2026",{"title":279,"description":280,"path":281,"coverImage":282,"publishedAt":283,"order":126},"Birds of the Republic of Crimea","Crimea's mix of Black Sea and Sea of Azov coastline, the vast Sivash wetland, and a warm Mediterranean-influenced south coast make it one of the most important birding regions on Russia's southern flyway.","\u002Fatlas\u002Frossiya\u002Frespublika-krym","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Frossiya\u002Frespublika-krym.png","30.07.2026",{"title":285,"description":286,"path":287,"coverImage":288,"publishedAt":129,"order":126},"Birds of the Republic of Karelia","Karelia's dense boreal forest, thousands of lakes, and long northern summer days make it one of Russia's premier destinations for taiga and wetland birdwatching.","\u002Fatlas\u002Frossiya\u002Frespublika-kareliya","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Frossiya\u002Frespublika-kareliya.png",{"title":290,"description":291,"path":292,"coverImage":293,"publishedAt":129,"order":126},"Birds of the United States","From Alaskan tundra to Florida wetland, the United States spans an enormous range of bird habitats connected by well-defined migratory flyways used by hundreds of species each year.","\u002Fatlas\u002Fsevernaya-amerika\u002Fssha","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Fsevernaya-amerika\u002Fssha.png",1787114551963]